/*
* Copyright (c) 2017 Piotr Mienkowski
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
*/
/**
* @file
* @brief Public APIs for the I2S (Inter-IC Sound) bus drivers.
*/
#ifndef ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_DRIVERS_I2S_H_
#define ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_DRIVERS_I2S_H_
/**
* @defgroup i2s_interface I2S Interface
* @ingroup io_interfaces
* @brief I2S (Inter-IC Sound) Interface
*
* The I2S API provides support for the standard I2S interface standard as well
* as common non-standard extensions such as PCM Short/Long Frame Sync,
* Left/Right Justified Data Format.
* @{
*/
#include <zephyr/types.h>
#include <device.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* The following #defines are used to configure the I2S controller.
*/
typedef uint8_t i2s_fmt_t;
/** Data Format bit field position. */
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT 0
/** Data Format bit field mask. */
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_MASK (0x7 << I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/** @brief Standard I2S Data Format.
*
* Serial data is transmitted in two's complement with the MSB first. Both
* Word Select (WS) and Serial Data (SD) signals are sampled on the rising edge
* of the clock signal (SCK). The MSB is always sent one clock period after the
* WS changes. Left channel data are sent first indicated by WS = 0, followed
* by right channel data indicated by WS = 1.
*
* -. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-.
* SCK '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '
* -. .-------------------------------.
* WS '-------------------------------' '----
* -.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.
* SD | |MSB| |...| |LSB| x |...| x |MSB| |...| |LSB| x |...| x |
* -'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'
* | Left channel | Right channel |
*/
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_I2S (0 << I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/** @brief PCM Short Frame Sync Data Format.
*
* Serial data is transmitted in two's complement with the MSB first. Both
* Word Select (WS) and Serial Data (SD) signals are sampled on the falling edge
* of the clock signal (SCK). The falling edge of the frame sync signal (WS)
* indicates the start of the PCM word. The frame sync is one clock cycle long.
* An arbitrary number of data words can be sent in one frame.
*
* .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-.
* SCK -' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-
* .---. .---.
* WS -' '- -' '-
* -.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---
* SD | |MSB| |...| |LSB|MSB| |...| |LSB|MSB| |...| |LSB|
* -'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---
* | Word 1 | Word 2 | Word 3 | Word n |
*/
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_PCM_SHORT (1 << I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/** @brief PCM Long Frame Sync Data Format.
*
* Serial data is transmitted in two's complement with the MSB first. Both
* Word Select (WS) and Serial Data (SD) signals are sampled on the falling edge
* of the clock signal (SCK). The rising edge of the frame sync signal (WS)
* indicates the start of the PCM word. The frame sync has an arbitrary length,
* however it has to fall before the start of the next frame. An arbitrary
* number of data words can be sent in one frame.
*
* .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-.
* SCK -' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-
* .--- ---. ---. ---. .---
* WS -' '- '- '- -'
* -.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---
* SD | |MSB| |...| |LSB|MSB| |...| |LSB|MSB| |...| |LSB|
* -'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---
* | Word 1 | Word 2 | Word 3 | Word n |
*/
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_PCM_LONG (2 << I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/**
* @brief Left Justified Data Format.
*
* Serial data is transmitted in two's complement with the MSB first. Both
* Word Select (WS) and Serial Data (SD) signals are sampled on the rising edge
* of the clock signal (SCK). The bits within the data word are left justified
* such that the MSB is always sent in the clock period following the WS
* transition. Left channel data are sent first indicated by WS = 1, followed
* by right channel data indicated by WS = 0.
*
* .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-.
* SCK -' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-
* .-------------------------------. .-
* WS ---' '-------------------------------'
* ---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.-
* SD |MSB| |...| |LSB| x |...| x |MSB| |...| |LSB| x |...| x |
* ---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'-
* | Left channel | Right channel |
*/
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_LEFT_JUSTIFIED (3 << I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/**
* @brief Right Justified Data Format.
*
* Serial data is transmitted in two's complement with the MSB first. Both
* Word Select (WS) and Serial Data (SD) signals are sampled on the rising edge
* of the clock signal (SCK). The bits within the data word are right justified
* such that the LSB is always sent in the clock period preceding the WS
* transition. Left channel data are sent first indicated by WS = 1, followed
* by right channel data indicated by WS = 0.
*
* .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-.
* SCK -' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-' '-
* .-------------------------------. .-
* WS ---' '-------------------------------'
* ---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.---.-
* SD | x |...| x |MSB| |...| |LSB| x |...| x |MSB| |...| |LSB|
* ---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'---'-
* | Left channel | Right channel |
*/
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_RIGHT_JUSTIFIED (4 << I2S_FMT_DATA_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/** Send MSB first */
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_ORDER_MSB (0 << 3)
/** Send LSB first */
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_ORDER_LSB BIT(3)
/** Invert bit ordering, send LSB first */
#define I2S_FMT_DATA_ORDER_INV I2S_FMT_DATA_ORDER_LSB
/** Data Format bit field position. */
#define I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_SHIFT 4
/** Data Format bit field mask. */
#define I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_MASK (0x3 << I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_SHIFT)
/** Invert bit clock */
#define I2S_FMT_BIT_CLK_INV BIT(4)
/** Invert frame clock */
#define I2S_FMT_FRAME_CLK_INV BIT(5)
/** NF represents "Normal Frame" whereas IF represents "Inverted Frame"
* NB represents "Normal Bit Clk" whereas IB represents "Inverted Bit clk"
*/
#define I2S_FMT_CLK_NF_NB (0 << I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_SHIFT)
#define I2S_FMT_CLK_NF_IB (1 << I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_SHIFT)
#define I2S_FMT_CLK_IF_NB (2 << I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_SHIFT)
#define I2S_FMT_CLK_IF_IB (3 << I2S_FMT_CLK_FORMAT_SHIFT)
typedef uint8_t i2s_opt_t;
/** Run bit clock continuously */
#define I2S_OPT_BIT_CLK_CONT (0 << 0)
/** Run bit clock when sending data only */
#define I2S_OPT_BIT_CLK_GATED BIT(0)
/** I2S driver is bit clock master */
#define I2S_OPT_BIT_CLK_MASTER (0 << 1)
/** I2S driver is bit clock slave */
#define I2S_OPT_BIT_CLK_SLAVE BIT(1)
/** I2S driver is frame clock master */
#define I2S_OPT_FRAME_CLK_MASTER (0 << 2)
/** I2S driver is frame clock slave */
#define I2S_OPT_FRAME_CLK_SLAVE BIT(2)
/** @brief Loop back mode.
*
* In loop back mode RX input will be connected internally to TX output.
* This is used primarily for testing.
*/
#define I2S_OPT_LOOPBACK BIT(7)
/** @brief Ping pong mode
*
* In ping pong mode TX output will keep alternating between a ping buffer
* and a pong buffer. This is normally used in audio streams when one buffer
* is being populated while the other is being played (DMAed) and vice versa.
* So, in this mode, 2 sets of buffers fixed in size are used. Static Arrays
* are used to achieve this and hence they are never freed.
*/
#define I2S_OPT_PINGPONG BIT(6)
/**
* @brief I2C Direction
*/
enum i2s_dir {
/** Receive data */
I2S_DIR_RX,
/** Transmit data */
I2S_DIR_TX,
/** Both receive and transmit data */
I2S_DIR_BOTH,
};
/** Interface state */
enum i2s_state {
/** @brief The interface is not ready.
*
* The interface was initialized but is not yet ready to receive /
* transmit data. Call i2s_configure() to configure interface and change
* its state to READY.
*/
I2S_STATE_NOT_READY,
/** The interface is ready to receive / transmit data. */
I2S_STATE_READY,
/** The interface is receiving / transmitting data. */
I2S_STATE_RUNNING,
/** The interface is draining its transmit queue. */
I2S_STATE_STOPPING,
/** TX buffer underrun or RX buffer overrun has occurred. */
I2S_STATE_ERROR,
};
/** Trigger command */
enum i2s_trigger_cmd {
/** @brief Start the transmission / reception of data.
*
* If I2S_DIR_TX is set some data has to be queued for transmission by
* the i2s_write() function. This trigger can be used in READY state
* only and changes the interface state to RUNNING.
*/
I2S_TRIGGER_START,
/** @brief Stop the transmission / reception of data.
*
* Stop the transmission / reception of data at the end of the current
* memory block. This trigger can be used in RUNNING state only and at
* first changes the interface state to STOPPING. When the current TX /
* RX block is transmitted / received the state is changed to READY.
* Subsequent START trigger will resume transmission / reception where
* it stopped.
*/
I2S_TRIGGER_STOP,
/** @brief Empty the transmit queue.
*
* Send all data in the transmit queue and stop the transmission.
* If the trigger is applied to the RX queue it has the same effect as
* I2S_TRIGGER_STOP. This trigger can be used in RUNNING state only and
* at first changes the interface state to STOPPING. When all TX blocks
* are transmitted the state is changed to READY.
*/
I2S_TRIGGER_DRAIN,
/** @brief Discard the transmit / receive queue.
*
* Stop the transmission / reception immediately and discard the
* contents of the respective queue. This trigger can be used in any
* state other than NOT_READY and changes the interface state to READY.
*/
I2S_TRIGGER_DROP,
/** @brief Prepare the queues after underrun/overrun error has occurred.
*
* This trigger can be used in ERROR state only and changes the
* interface state to READY.
*/
I2S_TRIGGER_PREPARE,
};
/** @struct i2s_config
* @brief Interface configuration options.
*
* Memory slab pointed to by the mem_slab field has to be defined and
* initialized by the user. For I2S driver to function correctly number of
* memory blocks in a slab has to be at least 2 per queue. Size of the memory
* block should be multiple of frame_size where frame_size = (channels *
* word_size_bytes). As an example 16 bit word will occupy 2 bytes, 24 or 32
* bit word will occupy 4 bytes.
*
* Please check Zephyr Kernel Primer for more information on memory slabs.
*
* @remark When I2S data format is selected parameter channels is ignored,
* number of words in a frame is always 2.
*
* @param word_size Number of bits representing one data word.
* @param channels Number of words per frame.
* @param format Data stream format as defined by I2S_FMT_* constants.
* @param options Configuration options as defined by I2S_OPT_* constants.
* @param frame_clk_freq Frame clock (WS) frequency, this is sampling rate.
* @param mem_slab memory slab to store RX/TX data.
* @param block_size Size of one RX/TX memory block (buffer) in bytes.
* @param timeout Read/Write timeout. Number of milliseconds to wait in case TX
* queue is full or RX queue is empty, or 0, or SYS_FOREVER_MS.
*/
struct i2s_config {
uint8_t word_size;
uint8_t channels;
i2s_fmt_t format;
i2s_opt_t options;
uint32_t frame_clk_freq;
struct k_mem_slab *mem_slab;
size_t block_size;
int32_t timeout;
};
/**
* @cond INTERNAL_HIDDEN
*
* For internal use only, skip these in public documentation.
*/
__subsystem struct i2s_driver_api {
int (*configure)(const struct device *dev, enum i2s_dir dir,
const struct i2s_config *cfg);
const struct i2s_config *(*config_get)(const struct device *dev,
enum i2s_dir dir);
int (*read)(const struct device *dev, void **mem_block, size_t *size);
int (*write)(const struct device *dev, void *mem_block, size_t size);
int (*trigger)(const struct device *dev, enum i2s_dir dir,
enum i2s_trigger_cmd cmd);
};
/**
* @endcond
*/
/**
* @brief Configure operation of a host I2S controller.
*
* The dir parameter specifies if Transmit (TX) or Receive (RX) direction
* will be configured by data provided via cfg parameter.
*
* The function can be called in NOT_READY or READY state only. If executed
* successfully the function will change the interface state to READY.
*
* If the function is called with the parameter cfg->frame_clk_freq set to 0
* the interface state will be changed to NOT_READY.
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
* @param dir Stream direction: RX, TX, or both, as defined by I2S_DIR_*.
* The I2S_DIR_BOTH value may not be supported by some drivers.
* For those, the RX and TX streams need to be configured separately.
* @param cfg Pointer to the structure containing configuration parameters.
*
* @retval 0 If successful.
* @retval -EINVAL Invalid argument.
* @retval -ENOSYS I2S_DIR_BOTH value is not supported.
*/
__syscall int i2s_configure(const struct device *dev, enum i2s_dir dir,
const struct i2s_config *cfg);
static inline int z_impl_i2s_configure(const struct device *dev,
enum i2s_dir dir,
const struct i2s_config *cfg)
{
const struct i2s_driver_api *api =
(const struct i2s_driver_api *)dev->api;
return api->configure(dev, dir, cfg);
}
/**
* @brief Fetch configuration information of a host I2S controller
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance
* @param dir Stream direction: RX or TX as defined by I2S_DIR_*
* @retval Pointer to the structure containing configuration parameters,
* or NULL if un-configured
*/
static inline const struct i2s_config *i2s_config_get(const struct device *dev,
enum i2s_dir dir)
{
const struct i2s_driver_api *api =
(const struct i2s_driver_api *)dev->api;
return api->config_get(dev, dir);
}
/**
* @brief Read data from the RX queue.
*
* Data received by the I2S interface is stored in the RX queue consisting of
* memory blocks preallocated by this function from rx_mem_slab (as defined by
* i2s_configure). Ownership of the RX memory block is passed on to the user
* application which has to release it.
*
* The data is read in chunks equal to the size of the memory block. If the
* interface is in READY state the number of bytes read can be smaller.
*
* If there is no data in the RX queue the function will block waiting for
* the next RX memory block to fill in. This operation can timeout as defined
* by i2s_configure. If the timeout value is set to K_NO_WAIT the function
* is non-blocking.
*
* Reading from the RX queue is possible in any state other than NOT_READY.
* If the interface is in the ERROR state it is still possible to read all the
* valid data stored in RX queue. Afterwards the function will return -EIO
* error.
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
* @param mem_block Pointer to the RX memory block containing received data.
* @param size Pointer to the variable storing the number of bytes read.
*
* @retval 0 If successful.
* @retval -EIO The interface is in NOT_READY or ERROR state and there are no
* more data blocks in the RX queue.
* @retval -EBUSY Returned without waiting.
* @retval -EAGAIN Waiting period timed out.
*/
static inline int i2s_read(const struct device *dev, void **mem_block,
size_t *size)
{
const struct i2s_driver_api *api =
(const struct i2s_driver_api *)dev->api;
return api->read(dev, mem_block, size);
}
/**
* @brief Read data from the RX queue into a provided buffer
*
* Data received by the I2S interface is stored in the RX queue consisting of
* memory blocks preallocated by this function from rx_mem_slab (as defined by
* i2s_configure). Calling this function removes one block from the queue
* which is copied into the provided buffer and then freed.
*
* The provided buffer must be large enough to contain a full memory block
* of data, which is parameterized for the channel via i2s_configure().
*
* This function is otherwise equivalent to i2s_read().
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
* @param buf Destination buffer for read data, which must be at least the
* as large as the configured memory block size for the RX channel.
* @param size Pointer to the variable storing the number of bytes read.
*
* @retval 0 If successful.
* @retval -EIO The interface is in NOT_READY or ERROR state and there are no
* more data blocks in the RX queue.
* @retval -EBUSY Returned without waiting.
* @retval -EAGAIN Waiting period timed out.
*/
__syscall int i2s_buf_read(const struct device *dev, void *buf, size_t *size);
/**
* @brief Write data to the TX queue.
*
* Data to be sent by the I2S interface is stored first in the TX queue. TX
* queue consists of memory blocks preallocated by the user from tx_mem_slab
* (as defined by i2s_configure). This function takes ownership of the memory
* block and will release it when all data are transmitted.
*
* If there are no free slots in the TX queue the function will block waiting
* for the next TX memory block to be send and removed from the queue. This
* operation can timeout as defined by i2s_configure. If the timeout value is
* set to K_NO_WAIT the function is non-blocking.
*
* Writing to the TX queue is only possible if the interface is in READY or
* RUNNING state.
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
* @param mem_block Pointer to the TX memory block containing data to be sent.
* @param size Number of bytes to write. This value has to be equal or smaller
* than the size of the memory block.
*
* @retval 0 If successful.
* @retval -EIO The interface is not in READY or RUNNING state.
* @retval -EBUSY Returned without waiting.
* @retval -EAGAIN Waiting period timed out.
*/
static inline int i2s_write(const struct device *dev, void *mem_block,
size_t size)
{
const struct i2s_driver_api *api =
(const struct i2s_driver_api *)dev->api;
return api->write(dev, mem_block, size);
}
/**
* @brief Write data to the TX queue from a provided buffer
*
* This function acquires a memory block from the I2S channel TX queue
* and copies the provided data buffer into it. It is otherwise equivalent
* to i2s_write().
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
* @param buf Pointer to a buffer containing the data to transmit.
* @param size Number of bytes to write. This value has to be equal or smaller
* than the size of the channel's TX memory block configuration.
*
* @retval 0 If successful.
* @retval -EIO The interface is not in READY or RUNNING state.
* @retval -EBUSY Returned without waiting.
* @retval -EAGAIN Waiting period timed out.
* @retval -ENOMEM No memory in TX slab queue.
* @retval -EINVAL Size parameter larger than TX queue memory block.
*/
__syscall int i2s_buf_write(const struct device *dev, void *buf, size_t size);
/**
* @brief Send a trigger command.
*
* @param dev Pointer to the device structure for the driver instance.
* @param dir Stream direction: RX, TX, or both, as defined by I2S_DIR_*.
* The I2S_DIR_BOTH value may not be supported by some drivers.
* For those, triggering need to be done separately for the RX
* and TX streams.
* @param cmd Trigger command.
*
* @retval 0 If successful.
* @retval -EINVAL Invalid argument.
* @retval -EIO The trigger cannot be executed in the current state or a DMA
* channel cannot be allocated.
* @retval -ENOMEM RX/TX memory block not available.
* @retval -ENOSYS I2S_DIR_BOTH value is not supported.
*/
__syscall int i2s_trigger(const struct device *dev, enum i2s_dir dir,
enum i2s_trigger_cmd cmd);
static inline int z_impl_i2s_trigger(const struct device *dev,
enum i2s_dir dir,
enum i2s_trigger_cmd cmd)
{
const struct i2s_driver_api *api =
(const struct i2s_driver_api *)dev->api;
return api->trigger(dev, dir, cmd);
}
/**
* @}
*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#include <syscalls/i2s.h>
#endif /* ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_DRIVERS_I2S_H_ */