HT7315_MonitorSOC/sdk/Driver/UsbHost/fatfs/hv_drv_UsbFatfs.c

/**
 * @file hv_drv_UsbFatfs.c
 * @brief FatFs - Generic FAT Filesystem Module  R0.14
 * @details This module provide interfaces for fatfs.
 * @author HiView SoC Software Team
 * @version 0.0.1
 * @date 20230417
 * @copyright Copyright(c),2022-9, Hiview Software. All rights reserved.
 * @par History:
 * <table>
 * <tr><th>Author                         <th>Date             <th>Details
 * <tr><td>HiView SoC Software Team   <td>20230417       <td>Create and first Version.
 * </table>
 **/


#include "hv_drv_UsbFatfs.h"       /* Declarations of FatFs API */
#include "hv_drv_UsbFatfsDiskIo.h" /* Declarations of device I/O functions */
#include "hv_drv_UsbCoreUtils.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Definitions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_DEFINED != 86606 /* Revision ID */
#error Wrong include file (hv_drv_UsbFatfs.h).
#endif

/* Limits and boundaries */
#define MAX_DIR    0x200000   /* Max size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX 0x10000000 /* Max size of exFAT directory */
#define MAX_FAT12  0xFF5      /* Max FAT12 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT16  0xFFF5     /* Max FAT16 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT32  0x0FFFFFF5 /* Max FAT32 clusters (not specified, practical limit) */
#define MAX_EXFAT  0x7FFFFFFD /* Max exFAT clusters (differs from specs, implementation limit) */

/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c)      ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z')
#define IsLower(c)      ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z')
#define IsDigit(c)      ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
#define IsSurrogate(c)  ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)
#define IsSurrogateH(c) ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDBFF)
#define IsSurrogateL(c) ((c) >= 0xDC00 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)

/* Additional file access control and file status flags for internal use */
#define FA_SEEKEND  0x20 /* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED 0x40 /* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY    0x80 /* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */

/* Additional file attribute bits for internal use */
#define AM_VOL  0x08 /* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN  0x0F /* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK 0x3F /* Mask of defined bits */

/* Name status flags in fn[11] */
#define NSFLAG    11   /* Index of the name status byte */
#define NS_LOSS   0x01 /* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN    0x02 /* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST   0x04 /* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY   0x08 /* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT    0x10 /* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT    0x20 /* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN  0x40 /* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME 0x80 /* Not followed */

/* exFAT directory entry types */
#define ET_BITMAP   0x81 /* Allocation bitmap */
#define ET_UPCASE   0x82 /* Up-case table */
#define ET_VLABEL   0x83 /* Volume label */
#define ET_FILEDIR  0x85 /* File and directory */
#define ET_STREAM   0xC0 /* Stream extension */
#define ET_FILENAME 0xC1 /* Name extension */

/* FatFs refers the FAT structure as simple byte array instead of structure member
/ because the C structure is not binary compatible between different platforms */

#define BS_JmpBoot     0   /* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName     3   /* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec 11  /* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus 13  /* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt 14  /* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs    16  /* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt 17  /* Size of root directory area for FAT [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16   19  /* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media      21  /* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16    22  /* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk  24  /* Number of sectors per track for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads   26  /* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec    28  /* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32   32  /* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum      36  /* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres       37  /* WindowsNT error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig     38  /* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID       39  /* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab      43  /* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType  54  /* Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode    62  /* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA        510 /* Signature word (WORD) */

#define BPB_FATSz32     36 /* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32  40 /* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32     42 /* FAT32: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32  44 /* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32    48 /* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32 50 /* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32     64 /* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32      65 /* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32    66 /* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32      67 /* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32     71 /* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32 82 /* FAT32: Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32   90 /* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */

#define BPB_ZeroedEx     11  /* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx     64  /* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx     72  /* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx     80  /* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx      84  /* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx    88  /* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx    92  /* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx   96  /* exFAT: Root directory start cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx      100 /* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx      104 /* exFAT: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx    106 /* exFAT: Volume flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx 108 /* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in unit of byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx 109 /* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in unit of sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx    110 /* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx     111 /* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx  112 /* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx       113 /* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx    120 /* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */

#define DIR_Name           0  /* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr           11 /* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres          12 /* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10      13 /* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime        14 /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate     18 /* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI      20 /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime        22 /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO      26 /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize       28 /* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord           0  /* LFN: LFN order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr          11 /* LFN: LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type          12 /* LFN: Entry type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum        13 /* LFN: Checksum of the SFN (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO     26 /* LFN: MBZ field (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type          0  /* exFAT: Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel      1  /* exFAT: Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label         2  /* exFAT: Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum       4  /* exFAT: Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec        1  /* exFAT: Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum        2  /* exFAT: Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr          4  /* exFAT: File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime       8  /* exFAT: Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime       12 /* exFAT: Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime       16 /* exFAT: Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10     20 /* exFAT: Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10     21 /* exFAT: Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ         22 /* exFAT: Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ         23 /* exFAT: Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ         24 /* exFAT: Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags      33 /* exFAT: General secondary flags (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumName       35 /* exFAT: Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash      36 /* exFAT: Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize 40 /* exFAT: Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus       52 /* exFAT: First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize      56 /* exFAT: File/Directory size (QWORD) */

#define SZDIRE 32   /* Size of a directory entry */
#define DDEM   0xE5 /* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM  0x05 /* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */
#define LLEF   0x40 /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */

#define FSI_LeadSig    0   /* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig   484 /* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count 488 /* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free   492 /* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */

#define MBR_Table  446 /* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE     16  /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot   0   /* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead 1   /* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec  2   /* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl  3   /* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System 4   /* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead 5   /* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec  6   /* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl  7   /* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba  8   /* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba 12  /* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */

#define GPTH_Sign    0   /* GPT: Header signature (8-byte) */
#define GPTH_Rev     8   /* GPT: Revision (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Size    12  /* GPT: Header size (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Bcc     16  /* GPT: Header BCC (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_CurLba  24  /* GPT: Main header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_BakLba  32  /* GPT: Backup header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_FstLba  40  /* GPT: First LBA for partitions (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_LstLba  48  /* GPT: Last LBA for partitions (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_DskGuid 56  /* GPT: Disk GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTH_PtOfs   72  /* GPT: Partation table LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtNum   80  /* GPT: Number of table entries (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PteSize 84  /* GPT: Size of table entry (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtBcc   88  /* GPT: Partation table BCC (DWORD) */
#define SZ_GPTE      128 /* GPT: Size of partition table entry */
#define GPTE_PtGuid  0   /* GPT PTE: Partition type GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_UpGuid  16  /* GPT PTE: Partition unique GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_FstLba  32  /* GPT PTE: First LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_LstLba  40  /* GPT PTE: Last LBA inclusive (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Flags   48  /* GPT PTE: Flags (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Name    56  /* GPT PTE: Name */

/* Post process on fatal error in the file operations */
#define ABORT(fs, res) \
    { \
        fp->err = (BYTE)(res); \
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); \
    }

/* Re-entrancy related */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used at thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res) \
    { \
        unlock_fs(fs, res); \
        return res; \
    }
#else
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res) return res
#endif

/* Definitions of logical drive - physical location conversion */
#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
#define LD2PD(vol) VolToPart[vol].pd /* Get physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) VolToPart[vol].pt /* Get partition index */
#else
#define LD2PD(vol) (BYTE)(vol) /* Each logical drive is associated with the same physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) 0           /* Find first valid partition or in SFD */
#endif

/* Definitions of sector size */
#if (FF_MAX_SS < FF_MIN_SS) || (FF_MAX_SS != 512 && FF_MAX_SS != 1024 && FF_MAX_SS != 2048 && FF_MAX_SS != 4096) || (FF_MIN_SS != 512 && FF_MIN_SS != 1024 && FF_MIN_SS != 2048 && FF_MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if FF_MAX_SS == FF_MIN_SS
#define SS(fs) ((UINT)FF_MAX_SS) /* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs) ((fs)->ssize) /* Variable sector size */
#endif

/* Timestamp */
#if FF_FS_NORTC == 1
#if FF_NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || FF_NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || FF_NORTC_MON < 1 || FF_NORTC_MON > 12 || FF_NORTC_MDAY < 1 || FF_NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid FF_FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME() ((DWORD)(FF_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME() 0
#endif

/* File lock controls */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
#if FF_FS_READONLY
#error FF_FS_LOCK must be 0 at read-only configuration
#endif
typedef struct {
    FATFS *fs;  /* Object ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
    DWORD  clu; /* Object ID 2, containing directory (0:root) */
    DWORD  ofs; /* Object ID 3, offset in the directory */
    WORD   ctr; /* Object open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read mode open count, 0x100:write mode */
} FILESEM;
#endif

/* SBCS up-case tables (\x80-\xFF) */
#define TBL_CT437 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x45, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT720 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT737 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, \
            0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x90, 0x91, 0xAA, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0x97, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xE4, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, 0xF5, 0xF0, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT771 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDC, 0xDE, 0xDE, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF8, 0xFA, 0xFA, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT775 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x91, 0xA0, 0x8E, 0x95, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xAD, 0xED, 0x8A, 0x8A, 0xA1, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0xE2, 0x99, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0xE0, 0xA3, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xA5, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE3, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0xEA, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT850 \
    { \
        0x43, 0x55, 0x45, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x43, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41, 0x41, \
            0x45, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x4F, 0x9C, 0x4F, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0x41, 0x41, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0x49, 0xDF, \
            0x4F, 0xE1, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x59, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT852 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0xB6, 0x8E, 0xDE, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x9D, 0xD3, 0x8A, 0x8A, 0xD7, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x91, 0xE2, 0x99, 0x95, 0x95, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9B, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0xAC, \
            0xB5, 0xD6, 0xE0, 0xE9, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA6, 0xA6, 0xA8, 0xA8, 0xAA, 0x8D, 0xAC, 0xB8, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBD, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD2, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xB7, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE3, 0xD5, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xE8, 0xEB, 0xED, 0xED, 0xDD, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xEB, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT855 \
    { \
        0x81, 0x81, 0x83, 0x83, 0x85, 0x85, 0x87, 0x87, 0x89, 0x89, 0x8B, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0x8F, 0x8F, \
            0x91, 0x91, 0x93, 0x93, 0x95, 0x95, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x99, 0x9B, 0x9B, 0x9D, 0x9D, 0x9F, 0x9F, \
            0xA1, 0xA1, 0xA3, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA7, 0xA7, 0xA9, 0xA9, 0xAB, 0xAB, 0xAD, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB6, 0xB6, 0xB8, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBE, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0xD3, 0xD3, 0xD5, 0xD5, 0xD7, 0xD7, 0xDD, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xE0, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE2, 0xE2, 0xE4, 0xE4, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0xEA, 0xEA, 0xEC, 0xEC, 0xEE, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF8, 0xFA, 0xFA, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT857 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0xB6, 0x8E, 0xB7, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD8, 0xD7, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0xE2, 0x99, 0xE3, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9E, \
            0xB5, 0xD6, 0xE0, 0xE9, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA6, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0x49, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xDE, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT860 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x8F, 0x8E, 0x91, 0x86, 0x80, 0x89, 0x89, 0x92, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x98, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x8C, 0x99, 0xA9, 0x96, 0x9D, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x86, 0x8B, 0x9F, 0x96, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT861 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x8B, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT862 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT863 \
    { \
        0x43, 0x55, 0x45, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x86, 0x43, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8D, 0x41, 0x8F, \
            0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x4F, 0x45, 0x49, 0x55, 0x55, 0x98, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x55, 0x55, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x49, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT864 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x45, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT865 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT866 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }
#define TBL_CT869 \
    { \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x86, 0x9C, 0x8D, 0x8F, 0x90, \
            0x91, 0x90, 0x92, 0x95, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xDF, \
            0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xCF, 0xCF, 0xD0, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xF5, 0xD4, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xD5, 0x96, 0x95, 0x98, 0xFE, 0xFF \
    }

/* DBCS code range |----- 1st byte -----|  |----------- 2nd byte -----------| */
/*                  <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>  */
#define TBL_DC932 \
    { \
        0x81, 0x9F, 0xE0, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00 \
    }
#define TBL_DC936 \
    { \
        0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00 \
    }
#define TBL_DC949 \
    { \
        0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x5A, 0x61, 0x7A, 0x81, 0xFE \
    }
#define TBL_DC950 \
    { \
        0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0xA1, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00 \
    }

/* Macros for table definitions */
#define MERGE_2STR(a, b) a##b
#define MKCVTBL(hd, cp)  MERGE_2STR(hd, cp)

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Work Area

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remark: Variables defined here without initial value shall be guaranteed
/  zero/null at start-up. If not, the linker option or start-up routine is
/  not compliance with C standard. */

/*--------------------------------*/
/* File/Volume controls           */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_VOLUMES < 1 || FF_VOLUMES > 10
#error Wrong FF_VOLUMES setting
#endif
static FATFS *FatFs[FF_VOLUMES]; /* Pointer to the filesystem objects (logical drives) */
static WORD   Fsid;              /* Filesystem mount ID */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
static BYTE CurrVol; /* Current drive */
#endif

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
static FILESEM Files[FF_FS_LOCK]; /* Open object lock semaphores */
#endif

#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
#ifdef FF_VOLUME_STRS
static const char *const VolumeStr[FF_VOLUMES] = {FF_VOLUME_STRS}; /* Pre-defined volume ID */
#endif
#endif

#if FF_LBA64
#if FF_MIN_GPT > 0x100000000
#error Wrong FF_MIN_GPT setting
#endif
static const BYTE GUID_MS_Basic[16] = {0xA2, 0xA0, 0xD0, 0xEB, 0xE5, 0xB9, 0x33, 0x44, 0x87, 0xC0, 0x68, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0x26, 0x99, 0xC7};
#endif

/*--------------------------------*/
/* LFN/Directory working buffer   */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_USE_LFN == 0 /* Non-LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#error LFN must be enabled when enable exFAT
#endif
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#else /* LFN configurations */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 12 || FF_MAX_LFN > 255
#error Wrong setting of FF_MAX_LFN
#endif
#if FF_LFN_BUF < FF_SFN_BUF || FF_SFN_BUF < 12
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_BUF or FF_SFN_BUF
#endif
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE < 0 || FF_LFN_UNICODE > 3
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_UNICODE
#endif
static const BYTE LfnOfs[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, 30}; /* FAT: Offset of LFN characters in the directory entry */
#define MAXDIRB(nc) ((nc + 44U) / 15 * SZDIRE) /* exFAT: Size of directory entry block scratchpad buffer needed for the name length */

#if FF_USE_LFN == 1 /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static BYTE       DirBuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)];                                /* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#endif
static WCHAR      LfnBuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1];                                     /* LFN working buffer */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 2 /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF \
    WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1]; \
    BYTE  dbuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)]; /* LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) \
    { \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; \
        (fs)->dirbuf = dbuf; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1]; /* LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) \
    { \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 3 /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR *lfn; /* Pointer to LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) \
    { \
        lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 + MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)); \
        if (!lfn) \
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; \
        (fs)->dirbuf = (BYTE *)(lfn + FF_MAX_LFN + 1); \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF() ff_memfree(lfn)
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR *lfn; /* Pointer to LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs) \
    { \
        lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2); \
        if (!lfn) \
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF() ff_memfree(lfn)
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) \
    { \
        if (!work) \
            ff_memfree(buf); \
        return res; \
    }
#define MAX_MALLOC 0x8000 /* Must be >=FF_MAX_SS */

#else
#error Wrong setting of FF_USE_LFN

#endif /* FF_USE_LFN == 1 */
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN == 0 */

/*--------------------------------*/
/* Code conversion tables         */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 /* Run-time code page configuration */
#define CODEPAGE CodePage
static WORD        CodePage;       /* Current code page */
static const BYTE *ExCvt, *DbcTbl; /* Pointer to current SBCS up-case table and DBCS code range table below */

static const BYTE Ct437[] = TBL_CT437;
static const BYTE Ct720[] = TBL_CT720;
static const BYTE Ct737[] = TBL_CT737;
static const BYTE Ct771[] = TBL_CT771;
static const BYTE Ct775[] = TBL_CT775;
static const BYTE Ct850[] = TBL_CT850;
static const BYTE Ct852[] = TBL_CT852;
static const BYTE Ct855[] = TBL_CT855;
static const BYTE Ct857[] = TBL_CT857;
static const BYTE Ct860[] = TBL_CT860;
static const BYTE Ct861[] = TBL_CT861;
static const BYTE Ct862[] = TBL_CT862;
static const BYTE Ct863[] = TBL_CT863;
static const BYTE Ct864[] = TBL_CT864;
static const BYTE Ct865[] = TBL_CT865;
static const BYTE Ct866[] = TBL_CT866;
static const BYTE Ct869[] = TBL_CT869;
static const BYTE Dc932[] = TBL_DC932;
static const BYTE Dc936[] = TBL_DC936;
static const BYTE Dc949[] = TBL_DC949;
static const BYTE Dc950[] = TBL_DC950;

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900 /* Static code page configuration (SBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_CT, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#else /* Static code page configuration (DBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE DbcTbl[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_DC, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#endif

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Functions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD ld_word(const BYTE *ptr) /*     Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
{
    WORD rv;

    rv = ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

static DWORD ld_dword(const BYTE *ptr) /* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
{
    DWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static QWORD ld_qword(const BYTE *ptr) /* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
{
    QWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[7];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_word(BYTE *ptr, WORD val) /* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

static void st_dword(BYTE *ptr, DWORD val) /* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static void st_qword(BYTE *ptr, QWORD val) /* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Copy memory to memory */
static void mem_cpy(void *dst, const void *src, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *      d = (BYTE *)dst;
    const BYTE *s = (const BYTE *)src;

    if (cnt != 0) {
        do {
            *d++ = *s++;
        } while (--cnt);
    }
}

/* Fill memory block */
static void mem_set(void *dst, int val, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE *)dst;

    do {
        *d++ = (BYTE)val;
    } while (--cnt);
}

/* Compare memory block */
static int mem_cmp(const void *dst, const void *src, UINT cnt) /* ZR:same, NZ:different */
{
    const BYTE *d = (const BYTE *)dst, *s = (const BYTE *)src;
    int         r = 0;

    do {
        r = *d++ - *s++;
    } while (--cnt && r == 0);

    return r;
}

/* Check if chr is contained in the string */
static int chk_chr(const char *str, int chr) /* NZ:contained, ZR:not contained */
{
    while (*str && *str != chr)
        str++;
    return *str;
}

/* Test if the byte is DBC 1st byte */
static int dbc_1st(BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 /* Variable code page */
    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1])
            return 1; /* 1st byte range 1 */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3])
            return 1; /* 1st byte range 2 */
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900 /* DBCS fixed code page */
    if (c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1])
            return 1;
        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3])
            return 1;
    }
#else                     /* SBCS fixed code page */
    if (c != 0)
        return 0; /* Always false */
#endif
    return 0;
}

/* Test if the byte is DBC 2nd byte */
static int dbc_2nd(BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 /* Variable code page */
    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5])
            return 1; /* 2nd byte range 1 */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7])
            return 1; /* 2nd byte range 2 */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9])
            return 1; /* 2nd byte range 3 */
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900 /* DBCS fixed code page */
    if (c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5])
            return 1;
        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7])
            return 1;
        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9])
            return 1;
    }
#else                     /* SBCS fixed code page */
    if (c != 0)
        return 0; /* Always false */
#endif
    return 0;
}

#if FF_USE_LFN

/* Get a Unicode code point from the TCHAR string in defined API encodeing */
static DWORD tchar2uni(                  /* Returns a character in UTF-16 encoding (>=0x10000 on surrogate pair, 0xFFFFFFFF on decode error) */
                       const TCHAR **str /* Pointer to pointer to TCHAR string in configured encoding */
)
{
    DWORD        uc;
    const TCHAR *p = *str;

#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 input */
    WCHAR wc;

    uc = *p++;             /* Get a unit */
    if (IsSurrogate(uc)) { /* Surrogate? */
        wc = *p++;         /* Get low surrogate */
        if (!IsSurrogateH(uc) || !IsSurrogateL(wc))
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong surrogate? */
        uc = uc << 16 | wc;
    }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* UTF-8 input */
    BYTE b;
    int  nf;

    uc = (BYTE)*p++;               /* Get an encoding unit */
    if (uc & 0x80) {               /* Multiple byte code? */
        if ((uc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) { /* 2-byte sequence? */
            uc &= 0x1F;
            nf = 1;
        } else {
            if ((uc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) { /* 3-byte sequence? */
                uc &= 0x0F;
                nf = 2;
            } else {
                if ((uc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) { /* 4-byte sequence? */
                    uc &= 0x07;
                    nf = 3;
                } else { /* Wrong sequence */
                    return 0xFFFFFFFF;
                }
            }
        }
        do { /* Get trailing bytes */
            b = (BYTE)*p++;
            if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80)
                return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong sequence? */
            uc = uc << 6 | (b & 0x3F);
        } while (--nf != 0);
        if (uc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(uc) || uc >= 0x110000)
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong code? */
        if (uc >= 0x010000)
            uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
    }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* UTF-32 input */
    uc = (TCHAR)*p++; /* Get a unit */
    if (uc >= 0x110000 || IsSurrogate(uc))
        return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong code? */
    if (uc >= 0x010000)
        uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */

#else /* ANSI/OEM input */
    BYTE  b;
    WCHAR wc;

    wc = (BYTE)*p++;         /* Get a byte */
    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) { /* Is it a DBC 1st byte? */
        b = (BYTE)*p++;      /* Get 2nd byte */
        if (!dbc_2nd(b))
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
        wc = (wc << 8) + b;    /* Make a DBC */
    }
    if (wc != 0) {
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* ANSI/OEM ==> Unicode */
        if (wc == 0)
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
    }
    uc = wc;

#endif
    *str = p; /* Next read pointer */
    return uc;
}

/* Output a TCHAR string in defined API encoding */
static BYTE put_utf(            /* Returns number of encoding units written (0:buffer overflow or wrong encoding) */
                    DWORD  chr, /* UTF-16 encoded character (Surrogate pair if >=0x10000) */
                    TCHAR *buf, /* Output buffer */
                    UINT   szb  /* Size of the buffer */
)
{
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 output */
    WCHAR hs, wc;

    hs = (WCHAR)(chr >> 16);
    wc = (WCHAR)chr;
    if (hs == 0) { /* Single encoding unit? */
        if (szb < 1 || IsSurrogate(wc))
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        *buf = wc;
        return 1;
    }
    if (szb < 2 || !IsSurrogateH(hs) || !IsSurrogateL(wc))
        return 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong surrogate? */
    *buf++ = hs;
    *buf++ = wc;
    return 2;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* UTF-8 output */
    DWORD hc;

    if (chr < 0x80) { /* Single byte code? */
        if (szb < 1)
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        *buf = (TCHAR)chr;
        return 1;
    }
    if (chr < 0x800) { /* 2-byte sequence? */
        if (szb < 2)
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (chr >> 6 & 0x1F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 2;
    }
    if (chr < 0x10000) { /* 3-byte sequence? */
        if (szb < 3 || IsSurrogate(chr))
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (chr >> 12 & 0x0F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 3;
    }
    /* 4-byte sequence */
    if (szb < 4)
        return 0;                                 /* Buffer overflow? */
    hc  = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6; /* Get high 10 bits */
    chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;                /* Get low 10 bits */
    if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400)
        return 0; /* Wrong surrogate? */
    chr    = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (chr >> 18 & 0x07));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 12 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
    return 4;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* UTF-32 output */
    DWORD hc;

    if (szb < 1)
        return 0;                                     /* Buffer overflow? */
    if (chr >= 0x10000) {                             /* Out of BMP? */
        hc  = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6; /* Get high 10 bits */
        chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;                /* Get low 10 bits */
        if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400)
            return 0; /* Wrong surrogate? */
        chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    }
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)chr;
    return 1;

#else /* ANSI/OEM output */
    WCHAR wc;

    wc = ff_uni2oem(chr, CODEPAGE);
    if (wc >= 0x100) { /* Is this a DBC? */
        if (szb < 2)
            return 0;
        *buf++ = (char)(wc >> 8); /* Store DBC 1st byte */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;       /* Store DBC 2nd byte */
        return 2;
    }
    if (wc == 0 || szb < 1)
        return 0;       /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc; /* Store the character */
    return 1;
#endif
}
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */

#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int lock_fs(          /* 1:Ok, 0:timeout */
                   FATFS *fs /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    return ff_req_grant(fs->sobj);
}

static void unlock_fs(
    FATFS * fs, /* Filesystem object */
    FRESULT res /* Result code to be returned */
)
{
    if (fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
        ff_rel_grant(fs->sobj);
    }
}

#endif

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File lock control functions                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT chk_lock(         /* Check if the file can be accessed */
                        DIR *dp, /* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
                        int  acc /* Desired access type (0:Read mode open, 1:Write mode open, 2:Delete or rename) */
)
{
    UINT i=0, be=0;

    /* Search open object table for the object */
    be = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs) {                   /* Existing entry */
            if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs && /* Check if the object matches with an open object */
                Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
                Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr)
                break;
        } else { /* Blank entry */
            be = 1;
        }
    }
    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {                                         /* The object has not been opened */
        return (!be && acc != 2) ? FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES : FR_OK; /* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
    }

    /* The object was opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
    return (acc != 0 || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}

static int enq_lock(void) /* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++)
        ;
    return (i == FF_FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}

static UINT inc_lock(         /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
                     DIR *dp, /* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
                     int  acc /* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) { /* Find the object */
        if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs && Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust && Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr)
            break;
    }

    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) { /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++)
            ;
        if (i == FF_FS_LOCK)
            return 0; /* No free entry to register (int err) */
        Files[i].fs  = dp->obj.fs;
        Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
        Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
        Files[i].ctr = 0;
    }

    if (acc >= 1 && Files[i].ctr)
        return 0; /* Access violation (int err) */

    Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1; /* Set semaphore value */

    return i + 1; /* Index number origin from 1 */
}

static FRESULT dec_lock(       /* Decrement object open counter */
                        UINT i /* Semaphore index (1..) */
)
{
    WORD    n;
    FRESULT res;

    if (--i < FF_FS_LOCK) { /* Index number origin from 0 */
        n = Files[i].ctr;
        if (n == 0x100)
            n = 0; /* If write mode open, delete the entry */
        if (n > 0)
            n--; /* Decrement read mode open count */
        Files[i].ctr = n;
        if (n == 0)
            Files[i].fs = 0; /* Delete the entry if open count gets zero */
        res = FR_OK;
    } else {
        res = FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid index nunber */
    }
    return res;
}

static void clear_lock(/* Clear lock entries of the volume */
                       FATFS *fs)
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs == fs)
            Files[i].fs = 0;
    }
}

#endif /* FF_FS_LOCK != 0 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the filesystem object                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT sync_window(          /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                           FATFS *fs /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;

    if (fs->wflag) {                                                   /* Is the disk access window dirty? */
        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1) == RES_OK) { /* Write it back into the volume */
            fs->wflag = 0;                                             /* Clear window dirty flag */
            if (fs->winsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize) {               /* Is it in the 1st FAT? */
                if (fs->n_fats == 2)
                    disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect + fs->fsize, 1); /* Reflect it to 2nd FAT if needed */
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    }
    return res;
}
#endif

static FRESULT move_window(            /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                           FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
                           LBA_t  sect /* Sector LBA to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;

    if (sect != fs->winsect) { /* Window offset changed? */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        res = sync_window(fs); /* Flush the window */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) { /* Fill sector window with new data */
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fs->win, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                sect = (LBA_t)0 - 1; /* Invalidate window if read data is not valid */
                res  = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            fs->winsect = sect;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize filesystem and data on the storage                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT sync_fs(          /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                       FATFS *fs /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    res = sync_window(fs);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1) { /* FAT32: Update FSInfo sector if needed */
            /* Create FSInfo structure */
            mem_set(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);
            st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);
            /* Write it into the FSInfo sector */
            fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;
            disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
        }
        /* Make sure that no pending write process in the lower layer */
        if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK)
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

    return res;
}

#endif

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get physical sector number from cluster number                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static LBA_t clst2sect(            /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
                       FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
                       DWORD  clst /* Cluster# to be converted */
)
{
    clst -= 2; /* Cluster number is origin from 2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2)
        return 0;                                  /* Is it invalid cluster number? */
    return fs->database + (LBA_t)fs->csize * clst; /* Start sector number of the cluster */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of a FAT entry                                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_fat(              /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
                     FFOBJID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                     DWORD    clst /* Cluster number to get the value */
)
{
    UINT   wc, bc;
    DWORD  val;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;

    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
        val = 1;                            /* Internal error */

    } else {
        val = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Default value falls on disk error */

        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12:
            bc = (UINT)clst;
            bc += bc / 2;
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK)
                break;
            wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)]; /* Get 1st byte of the entry */
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK)
                break;
            wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;             /* Merge 2nd byte of the entry */
            val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF); /* Adjust bit position */
            break;

        case FS_FAT16:
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK)
                break;
            val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs)); /* Simple WORD array */
            break;

        case FS_FAT32:
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK)
                break;
            val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF; /* Simple DWORD array but mask out upper 4 bits */
            break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT:
            if ((obj->objsize != 0 && obj->sclust != 0) || obj->stat == 0) {            /* Object except root dir must have valid data length */
                DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;                                        /* Offset from start cluster */
                DWORD clen = (DWORD)((LBA_t)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize); /* Number of clusters - 1 */

                if (obj->stat == 2 && cofs <= clen) {             /* Is it a contiguous chain? */
                    val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1; /* No data on the FAT, generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont) { /* Is it in the 1st fragment? */
                    val = clst + 1;                         /* Generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat != 2) {       /* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                    if (obj->n_frag != 0) { /* Is it on the growing edge? */
                        val = 0x7FFFFFFF;   /* Generate EOC */
                    } else {
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK)
                            break;
                        val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
            /* go to default */
#endif
        default:
            val = 1; /* Internal error */
        }
    }

    return val;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of a FAT entry                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT put_fat(             /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                       FATFS *fs,   /* Corresponding filesystem object */
                       DWORD  clst, /* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
                       DWORD  val   /* New value to be set to the entry */
)
{
    UINT    bc;
    BYTE *  p;
    FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;

    if (clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12:
            bc = (UINT)clst;
            bc += bc / 2; /* bc: byte offset of the entry */
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
            p         = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
            *p        = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val; /* Update 1st byte */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res       = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
            p         = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
            *p        = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F)); /* Update 2nd byte */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;

        case FS_FAT16:
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
            st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val); /* Simple WORD array */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;

        case FS_FAT32:
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT:
#endif
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
            if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
            }
            st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*--------------------------------------*/
/* Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*--------------------------------------*/

static DWORD find_bitmap(             /* 0:Not found, 2..:Cluster block found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
                         FATFS *fs,   /* Filesystem object */
                         DWORD  clst, /* Cluster number to scan from */
                         DWORD  ncl   /* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
)
{
    BYTE  bm, bv;
    UINT  i;
    DWORD val, scl, ctr;

    clst -= 2; /* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2)
        clst = 0;
    scl = val = clst;
    ctr       = 0;
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, fs->bitbase + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK)
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        i  = val / 8 % SS(fs);
        bm = 1 << (val % 8);
        do {
            do {
                bv = fs->win[i] & bm;
                bm <<= 1;                        /* Get bit value */
                if (++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2) { /* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                    val = 0;
                    bm  = 0;
                    i   = SS(fs);
                }
                if (bv == 0) { /* Is it a free cluster? */
                    if (++ctr == ncl)
                        return scl + 2; /* Check if run length is sufficient for required */
                } else {
                    scl = val;
                    ctr = 0; /* Encountered a cluster in-use, restart to scan */
                }
                if (val == clst)
                    return 0; /* All cluster scanned? */
            } while (bm != 0);
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));
    }
}

/*----------------------------------------*/
/* Set/Clear a block of allocation bitmap */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT change_bitmap(
    FATFS *fs,   /* Filesystem object */
    DWORD  clst, /* Cluster number to change from */
    DWORD  ncl,  /* Number of clusters to be changed */
    int    bv    /* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
)
{
    BYTE  bm;
    UINT  i;
    LBA_t sect;

    clst -= 2;                              /* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
    sect = fs->bitbase + clst / 8 / SS(fs); /* Sector address */
    i    = clst / 8 % SS(fs);               /* Byte offset in the sector */
    bm   = 1 << (clst % 8);                 /* Bit mask in the byte */
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        do {
            do {
                if (bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0))
                    return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is the bit expected value? */
                fs->win[i] ^= bm;      /* Flip the bit */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                if (--ncl == 0)
                    return FR_OK; /* All bits processed? */
            } while (bm <<= 1);   /* Next bit */
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs)); /* Next byte */
        i = 0;
    }
}

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the first fragment of the FAT chain    */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_first_frag(
    FFOBJID *obj /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DWORD   cl, n;

    if (obj->stat == 3) {                                       /* Has the object been changed 'fragmented' in this session? */
        for (cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--) { /* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
            res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);
            if (res != FR_OK)
                return res;
        }
        obj->stat = 0; /* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
    }
    return FR_OK;
}

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the last fragment of the FAT chain     */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_last_frag(
    FFOBJID *obj, /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
    DWORD    lcl, /* Last cluster of the fragment */
    DWORD    term /* Value to set the last FAT entry */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    while (obj->n_frag > 0) { /* Create the chain of last fragment */
        res = put_fat(obj->fs, lcl - obj->n_frag + 1, (obj->n_frag > 1) ? lcl - obj->n_frag + 2 : term);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        obj->n_frag--;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}

#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT remove_chain(               /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                            FFOBJID *obj,  /* Corresponding object */
                            DWORD    clst, /* Cluster to remove a chain from */
                            DWORD    pclst /* Previous cluster of clst (0 if entire chain) */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
    DWORD   nxt;
    FATFS * fs = obj->fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
    DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
    LBA_t rt[2];
#endif

    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Check if in valid range */

    /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
    if (pclst != 0 && (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2)) {
        res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            return res;
    }

    /* Remove the chain */
    do {
        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst); /* Get cluster status */
        if (nxt == 0)
            break; /* Empty cluster? */
        if (nxt == 1)
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error? */
        if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error? */
        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0); /* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */
            if (res != FR_OK)
                return res;
        }
        if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) { /* Update FSINFO */
            fs->free_clst++;
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
        if (ecl + 1 == nxt) { /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
            ecl = nxt;
        } else { /* End of contiguous cluster block */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0); /* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    return res;
            }
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
            rt[0] = clst2sect(fs, scl);                 /* Start of data area to be freed */
            rt[1] = clst2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1; /* End of data area to be freed */
            disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);        /* Inform storage device that the data in the block may be erased */
#endif
            scl = ecl = nxt;
        }
#endif
        clst = nxt;                /* Next cluster */
    } while (clst < fs->n_fatent); /* Repeat while not the last link */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    /* Some post processes for chain status */
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        if (pclst == 0) {  /* Has the entire chain been removed? */
            obj->stat = 0; /* Change the chain status 'initial' */
        } else {
            if (obj->stat == 0) {   /* Is it a fragmented chain from the beginning of this session? */
                clst = obj->sclust; /* Follow the chain to check if it gets contiguous */
                while (clst != pclst) {
                    nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);
                    if (nxt < 2)
                        return FR_INT_ERR;
                    if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;
                    if (nxt != clst + 1)
                        break; /* Not contiguous? */
                    clst++;
                }
                if (clst == pclst) { /* Has the chain got contiguous again? */
                    obj->stat = 2;   /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            } else {
                if (obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont) { /* Was the chain fragmented in this session and got contiguous again? */
                    obj->stat = 2;                                                                  /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            }
        }
    }
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD create_chain(              /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
                          FFOBJID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                          DWORD    clst /* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
)
{
    DWORD   cs, ncl, scl;
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs = obj->fs;

    if (clst == 0) {         /* Create a new chain */
        scl = fs->last_clst; /* Suggested cluster to start to find */
        if (scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent)
            scl = 1;
    } else {                     /* Stretch a chain */
        cs = get_fat(obj, clst); /* Check the cluster status */
        if (cs < 2)
            return 1; /* Test for insanity */
        if (cs == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return cs; /* Test for disk error */
        if (cs < fs->n_fatent)
            return cs; /* It is already followed by next cluster */
        scl = clst;    /* Cluster to start to find */
    }
    if (fs->free_clst == 0)
        return 0; /* No free cluster */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {     /* On the exFAT volume */
        ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1); /* Find a free cluster */
        if (ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return ncl;                     /* No free cluster or hard error? */
        res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1); /* Mark the cluster 'in use' */
        if (res == FR_INT_ERR)
            return 1;
        if (res == FR_DISK_ERR)
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        if (clst == 0) {                            /* Is it a new chain? */
            obj->stat = 2;                          /* Set status 'contiguous' */
        } else {                                    /* It is a stretched chain */
            if (obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1) { /* Is the chain got fragmented? */
                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust;    /* Set size of the contiguous part */
                obj->stat   = 3;                    /* Change status 'just fragmented' */
            }
        }
        if (obj->stat != 2) {                                    /* Is the file non-contiguous? */
            if (ncl == clst + 1) {                               /* Is the cluster next to previous one? */
                obj->n_frag = obj->n_frag ? obj->n_frag + 1 : 2; /* Increment size of last framgent */
            } else {                                             /* New fragment */
                if (obj->n_frag == 0)
                    obj->n_frag = 1;
                res = fill_last_frag(obj, clst, ncl); /* Fill last fragment on the FAT and link it to new one */
                if (res == FR_OK)
                    obj->n_frag = 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    { /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        ncl = 0;
        if (scl == clst) { /* Stretching an existing chain? */
            ncl = scl + 1; /* Test if next cluster is free */
            if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent)
                ncl = 2;
            cs = get_fat(obj, ncl); /* Get next cluster status */
            if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                return cs;          /* Test for error */
            if (cs != 0) {          /* Not free? */
                cs = fs->last_clst; /* Start at suggested cluster if it is valid */
                if (cs >= 2 && cs < fs->n_fatent)
                    scl = cs;
                ncl = 0;
            }
        }
        if (ncl == 0) { /* The new cluster cannot be contiguous and find another fragment */
            ncl = scl;  /* Start cluster */
            for (;;) {
                ncl++;                     /* Next cluster */
                if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) { /* Check wrap-around */
                    ncl = 2;
                    if (ncl > scl)
                        return 0; /* No free cluster found? */
                }
                cs = get_fat(obj, ncl); /* Get the cluster status */
                if (cs == 0)
                    break; /* Found a free cluster? */
                if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    return cs; /* Test for error */
                if (ncl == scl)
                    return 0; /* No free cluster found? */
            }
        }
        res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */
        if (res == FR_OK && clst != 0) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl); /* Link it from the previous one if needed */
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) { /* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
        fs->last_clst = ncl;
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2)
            fs->free_clst--;
        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
    } else {
        ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1; /* Failed. Generate error status */
    }

    return ncl; /* Return new cluster number or error status */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD clmt_clust(            /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
                        FIL *   fp, /* Pointer to the file object */
                        FSIZE_t ofs /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
)
{
    DWORD  cl, ncl, *tbl;
    FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;

    tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;                     /* Top of CLMT */
    cl  = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize); /* Cluster order from top of the file */
    for (;;) {
        ncl = *tbl++; /* Number of cluters in the fragment */
        if (ncl == 0)
            return 0; /* End of table? (error) */
        if (cl < ncl)
            break; /* In this fragment? */
        cl -= ncl;
        tbl++; /* Next fragment */
    }
    return cl + *tbl; /* Return the cluster number */
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FASTSEEK */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Fill a cluster with zeros                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT dir_clear(            /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                         FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
                         DWORD  clst /* Directory table to clear */
)
{
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT  n, szb;
    BYTE *ibuf;

    if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;              /* Flush disk access window */
    sect        = clst2sect(fs, clst);   /* Top of the cluster */
    fs->winsect = sect;                  /* Set window to top of the cluster */
    mem_set(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win); /* Clear window buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3                      /* Quick table clear by using multi-secter write */
    /* Allocate a temporary buffer */
    for (szb = ((DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs) >= MAX_MALLOC) ? MAX_MALLOC : fs->csize * SS(fs), ibuf = 0; szb > SS(fs) && (ibuf = ff_memalloc(szb)) == 0; szb /= 2)
        ;
    if (szb > SS(fs)) { /* Buffer allocated? */
        mem_set(ibuf, 0, szb);
        szb /= SS(fs); /* Bytes -> Sectors */
        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb)
            ; /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
        ff_memfree(ibuf);
    } else
#endif
    {
        ibuf = fs->win;
        szb  = 1; /* Use window buffer (many single-sector writes may take a time) */
        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb)
            ; /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
    }
    return (n == fs->csize) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
}
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_sdi(          /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                       DIR * dp, /* Pointer to directory object */
                       DWORD ofs /* Offset of directory table */
)
{
    DWORD  csz, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE) { /* Check range of offset and alignment */
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;                             /* Set current offset */
    clst     = dp->obj.sclust;                  /* Table start cluster (0:root) */
    if (clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32) { /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
        clst = (DWORD)fs->dirbase;
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT)
            dp->obj.stat = 0; /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
    }

    if (clst == 0) { /* Static table (root-directory on the FAT volume) */
        if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir)
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is index out of range? */
        dp->sect = fs->dirbase;

    } else {                                /* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory on the FAT32/exFAT volume) */
        csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Bytes per cluster */
        while (ofs >= csz) {                /* Follow cluster chain */
            clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst); /* Get next cluster */
            if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
            if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                return FR_INT_ERR; /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
            ofs -= csz;
        }
        dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
    }
    dp->clust = clst; /* Current cluster# */
    if (dp->sect == 0)
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);           /* Sector# of the directory entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs)); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_next(             /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
                        DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the directory object */
                        int  stretch /* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
)
{
    DWORD  ofs, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE; /* Next entry */
    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR))
        dp->sect = 0; /* Disable it if the offset reached the max value */
    if (dp->sect == 0)
        return FR_NO_FILE; /* Report EOT if it has been disabled */

    if (ofs % SS(fs) == 0) { /* Sector changed? */
        dp->sect++;          /* Next sector */

        if (dp->clust == 0) {                    /* Static table */
            if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) { /* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
                dp->sect = 0;
                return FR_NO_FILE;
            }
        } else {                                         /* Dynamic table */
            if ((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0) { /* Cluster changed? */
                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust);     /* Get next cluster */
                if (clst <= 1)
                    return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error */
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Disk error */
                if (clst >= fs->n_fatent) { /* It reached end of dynamic table */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (!stretch) { /* If no stretch, report EOT */
                        dp->sect = 0;
                        return FR_NO_FILE;
                    }
                    clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust); /* Allocate a cluster */
                    if (clst == 0)
                        return FR_DENIED; /* No free cluster */
                    if (clst == 1)
                        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error */
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                    if (dir_clear(fs, clst) != FR_OK)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Clean up the stretched table */
                    if (FF_FS_EXFAT)
                        dp->obj.stat |= 4; /* exFAT: The directory has been stretched */
#else
                    if (!stretch)
                        dp->sect = 0; /* (this line is to suppress compiler warning) */
                    dp->sect = 0;
                    return FR_NO_FILE; /* Report EOT */
#endif
                }
                dp->clust = clst; /* Initialize data for new cluster */
                dp->sect  = clst2sect(fs, clst);
            }
        }
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;                    /* Current entry */
    dp->dir  = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_alloc(          /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                         DIR *dp,  /* Pointer to the directory object */
                         UINT nent /* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT    n;
    FATFS * fs = dp->obj.fs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        n = 0;
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if ((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)) {
#else
            if (dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0) {
#endif
                if (++n == nent)
                    break; /* A block of contiguous free entries is found */
            } else {
                n = 0; /* Not a blank entry. Restart to search */
            }
            res = dir_next(dp, 1);
        } while (res == FR_OK); /* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
    }

    if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
        res = FR_DENIED; /* No directory entry to allocate */
    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD ld_clust(                /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
                      FATFS *     fs, /* Pointer to the fs object */
                      const BYTE *dir /* Pointer to the key entry */
)
{
    DWORD cl;

    cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
    }

    return cl;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_clust(
    FATFS *fs,  /* Pointer to the fs object */
    BYTE * dir, /* Pointer to the key entry */
    DWORD  cl   /* Value to be set */
)
{
    st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
    }
}
#endif

#if FF_USE_LFN
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/

static int cmp_lfn(                     /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
                   const WCHAR *lfnbuf, /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
                   BYTE *       dir     /* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
)
{
    UINT  i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;

    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0)
        return 0; /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) { /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]); /* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1 || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++])) { /* Compare it */
                return 0;                                                             /* Not matched */
            }
            wc = uc;
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF)
                return 0; /* Check filler */
        }
    }

    if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i])
        return 0; /* Last segment matched but different length */

    return 1; /* The part of LFN matched */
}

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/

static int pick_lfn(               /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
                    WCHAR *lfnbuf, /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
                    BYTE * dir     /* Pointer to the LFN entry */
)
{
    UINT  i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;

    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0)
        return 0; /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO is 0 */

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & ~LLEF) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) { /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]); /* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1)
                return 0;          /* Buffer overflow? */
            lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc; /* Store it */
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF)
                return 0; /* Check filler */
        }
    }

    if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF && wc != 0) { /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part and not terminated */
        if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1)
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        lfnbuf[i] = 0;
    }

    return 1; /* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/

static void put_lfn(
    const WCHAR *lfn, /* Pointer to the LFN */
    BYTE *       dir, /* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
    BYTE         ord, /* LFN order (1-20) */
    BYTE         sum  /* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
)
{
    UINT  i, s;
    WCHAR wc;

    dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;    /* Set checksum */
    dir[LDIR_Attr]   = AM_LFN; /* Set attribute. LFN entry */
    dir[LDIR_Type]   = 0;
    st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);

    i = (ord - 1) * 13; /* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
    s = wc = 0;
    do {
        if (wc != 0xFFFF)
            wc = lfn[i++];            /* Get an effective character */
        st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc); /* Put it */
        if (wc == 0)
            wc = 0xFFFF; /* Padding characters for following items */
    } while (++s < 13);
    if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i])
        ord |= LLEF;     /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
    dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord; /* Set the LFN order */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */

#if FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void gen_numname(
    BYTE *       dst, /* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
    const BYTE * src, /* Pointer to SFN */
    const WCHAR *lfn, /* Pointer to LFN */
    UINT         seq  /* Sequence number */
)
{
    BYTE  ns[8], c;
    UINT  i, j;
    WCHAR wc;
    DWORD sreg;

    mem_cpy(dst, src, 11);

    if (seq > 5) { /* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
        sreg = seq;
        while (*lfn) { /* Create a CRC as hash value */
            wc = *lfn++;
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                sreg = (sreg << 1) + (wc & 1);
                wc >>= 1;
                if (sreg & 0x10000)
                    sreg ^= 0x11021;
            }
        }
        seq = (UINT)sreg;
    }

    /* itoa (hexdecimal) */
    i = 7;
    do {
        c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0');
        if (c > '9')
            c += 7;
        ns[i--] = c;
        seq /= 16;
    } while (seq);
    ns[i] = '~';

    /* Append the number to the SFN body */
    for (j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++) {
        if (dbc_1st(dst[j])) {
            if (j == i - 1)
                break;
            j++;
        }
    }
    do {
        dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
    } while (j < 8);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_LFN
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static BYTE sum_sfn(
    const BYTE *dir /* Pointer to the SFN entry */
)
{
    BYTE sum = 0;
    UINT n   = 11;

    do {
        sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++;
    } while (--n);
    return sum;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD xdir_sum(                /* Get checksum of the directoly entry block */
                     const BYTE *dir /* Directory entry block to be calculated */
)
{
    UINT i, szblk;
    WORD sum;

    szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE; /* Number of bytes of the entry block */
    for (i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++) {
        if (i == XDIR_SetSum) { /* Skip 2-byte sum field */
            i++;
        } else {
            sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
        }
    }
    return sum;
}

static WORD xname_sum(                  /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the file name */
                      const WCHAR *name /* File name to be calculated */
)
{
    WCHAR chr;
    WORD  sum = 0;

    while ((chr = *name++) != 0) {
        chr = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(chr); /* File name needs to be up-case converted */
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
    }
    return sum;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
static DWORD xsum32(           /* Returns 32-bit checksum */
                    BYTE  dat, /* Byte to be calculated (byte-by-byte processing) */
                    DWORD sum  /* Previous sum value */
)
{
    sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
    return sum;
}
#endif

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get object information from a directory block */
/*------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_xfileinfo(
    BYTE *   dirb, /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
    FILINFO *fno   /* Buffer to store the extracted file information */
)
{
    WCHAR wc, hs;
    UINT  di, si, nc;

    /* Get file name from the entry block */
    si = SZDIRE * 2; /* 1st C1 entry */
    nc = 0;
    hs = 0;
    di = 0;
    while (nc < dirb[XDIR_NumName]) {
        if (si >= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
            di = 0;
            break;
        } /* Truncated directory block? */
        if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0)
            si += 2; /* Skip entry type field */
        wc = ld_word(dirb + si);
        si += 2;
        nc++;                             /* Get a character */
        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) { /* Is it a surrogate? */
            hs = wc;
            continue; /* Get low surrogate */
        }
        wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di); /* Store it in API encoding */
        if (wc == 0) {
            di = 0;
            break;
        } /* Buffer overflow or wrong encoding? */
        di += wc;
        hs = 0;
    }
    if (hs != 0)
        di = 0; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
    if (di == 0)
        fno->fname[di++] = '?'; /* Inaccessible object name? */
    fno->fname[di]  = 0;        /* Terminate the name */
    fno->altname[0] = 0;        /* exFAT does not support SFN */

    fno->fattrib = dirb[XDIR_Attr];                                              /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize   = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(dirb + XDIR_FileSize); /* Size */
    fno->ftime   = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 0);                             /* Time */
    fno->fdate   = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 2);                             /* Date */
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */

/*-----------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directry entry block */
/*-----------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_xdir(        /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
                         DIR *dp /* Reading direcotry object pointing top of the entry block to load */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT    i, sz_ent;
    BYTE *  dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf; /* Pointer to the on-memory direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Load file-directory entry */
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK)
        return res;
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILEDIR)
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
    mem_cpy(dirb + 0 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    sz_ent = (dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;
    if (sz_ent < 3 * SZDIRE || sz_ent > 19 * SZDIRE)
        return FR_INT_ERR;

    /* Load stream-extension entry */
    res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
        res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be */
    if (res != FR_OK)
        return res;
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK)
        return res;
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_STREAM)
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
    mem_cpy(dirb + 1 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    if (MAXDIRB(dirb[XDIR_NumName]) > sz_ent)
        return FR_INT_ERR;

    /* Load file-name entries */
    i = 2 * SZDIRE; /* Name offset to load */
    do {
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be */
        if (res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILENAME)
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
        if (i < MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN))
            mem_cpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    } while ((i += SZDIRE) < sz_ent);

    /* Sanity check (do it for only accessible object) */
    if (i <= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
        if (xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum))
            return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Initialize object allocation info with loaded entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void init_alloc_info(
    FATFS *  fs, /* Filesystem object */
    FFOBJID *obj /* Object allocation information to be initialized */
)
{
    obj->sclust  = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);  /* Start cluster */
    obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize); /* Size */
    obj->stat    = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;        /* Allocation status */
    obj->n_frag  = 0;                                    /* No last fragment info */
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY || FF_FS_RPATH != 0
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_obj_xdir(
    DIR *          dp, /* Blank directory object to be used to access containing direcotry */
    const FFOBJID *obj /* Object with its containing directory information */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    /* Open object containing directory */
    dp->obj.fs      = obj->fs;
    dp->obj.sclust  = obj->c_scl;
    dp->obj.stat    = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
    dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
    dp->obj.n_frag  = 0;
    dp->blk_ofs     = obj->c_ofs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto object's entry block */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = load_xdir(dp); /* Load the object's entry block */
    }
    return res;
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*----------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory entry block */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT store_xdir(
    DIR *dp /* Pointer to the direcotry object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT    nent;
    BYTE *  dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf; /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Create set sum */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Store the direcotry entry block to the directory */
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);
    while (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            break;
        mem_cpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
        dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;
        if (--nent == 0)
            break;
        dirb += SZDIRE;
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    }
    return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}

/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory enrty block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/

static void create_xdir(
    BYTE *       dirb, /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block buffer */
    const WCHAR *lfn   /* Pointer to the object name */
)
{
    UINT  i;
    BYTE  nc1, nlen;
    WCHAR wc;

    /* Create file-directory and stream-extension entry */
    mem_set(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE);
    dirb[0 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_FILEDIR;
    dirb[1 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_STREAM;

    /* Create file-name entries */
    i    = SZDIRE * 2; /* Top of file_name entries */
    nlen = nc1 = 0;
    wc         = 1;
    do {
        dirb[i++] = ET_FILENAME;
        dirb[i++] = 0;
        do { /* Fill name field */
            if (wc != 0 && (wc = lfn[nlen]) != 0)
                nlen++;            /* Get a character if exist */
            st_word(dirb + i, wc); /* Store it */
            i += 2;
        } while (i % SZDIRE != 0);
        nc1++;
    } while (lfn[nlen]); /* Fill next entry if any char follows */

    dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nlen;                     /* Set name length */
    dirb[XDIR_NumSec]  = 1 + nc1;                  /* Set secondary count (C0 + C1s) */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn)); /* Set name hash */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define DIR_READ_FILE(dp)  dir_read(dp, 0)
#define DIR_READ_LABEL(dp) dir_read(dp, 1)

static FRESULT dir_read(
    DIR *dp, /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int  vol /* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
    FATFS * fs  = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE    attr, b;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif

    while (dp->sect) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            break;
        b = dp->dir[DIR_Name]; /* Test for the entry type */
        if (b == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE;
            break; /* Reached to end of the directory */
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* On the exFAT volume */
            if (FF_USE_LABEL && vol) {
                if (b == ET_VLABEL)
                    break; /* Volume label entry? */
            } else {
                if (b == ET_FILEDIR) {           /* Start of the file entry block? */
                    dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;      /* Get location of the block */
                    res         = load_xdir(dp); /* Load the entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else
#endif
        {                                                                            /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
            dp->obj.attr = attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;                       /* Get attribute */
#if FF_USE_LFN                                                                       /* LFN configuration */
            if (b == DDEM || b == '.' || (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol) { /* An entry without valid data */
                ord = 0xFF;
            } else {
                if (attr == AM_LFN) { /* An LFN entry is found */
                    if (b & LLEF) {   /* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        b &= (BYTE)~LLEF;
                        ord         = b;
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                    }
                    /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                    ord = (b == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                } else {                                       /* An SFN entry is found */
                    if (ord != 0 || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir)) { /* Is there a valid LFN? */
                        dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;              /* It has no LFN. */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
#else /* Non LFN configuration */
            if (b != DDEM && b != '.' && attr != AM_LFN && (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol) { /* Is it a valid entry? */
                break;
            }
#endif
        }
        res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
        if (res != FR_OK)
            break;
    }

    if (res != FR_OK)
        dp->sect = 0; /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
    return res;
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_find(        /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                        DIR *dp /* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE    c;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind directory object */
    if (res != FR_OK)
        return res;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* On the exFAT volume */
        BYTE nc;
        UINT di, ni;
        WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf); /* Hash value of the name to find */

        while ((res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp)) == FR_OK) { /* Read an item */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 255
            if (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] > FF_MAX_LFN)
                continue; /* Skip comparison if inaccessible object name */
#endif
            if (ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash)
                continue;                                                                           /* Skip comparison if hash mismatched */
            for (nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++) { /* Compare the name */
                if ((di % SZDIRE) == 0)
                    di += 2;
                if (ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni]))
                    break;
            }
            if (nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni])
                break; /* Name matched? */
        }
        return res;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    ord = sum   = 0xFF;
    dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif
    do {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            break;
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];
        if (c == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE;
            break;
        }      /* Reached to end of table */
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) { /* An entry without valid data */
            ord         = 0xFF;
            dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
        } else {
            if (a == AM_LFN) { /* An LFN entry is found */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN)) {
                    if (c & LLEF) { /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF;
                        ord         = c;        /* LFN start order */
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Start offset of LFN */
                    }
                    /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                }
            } else { /* An SFN entry is found */
                if (ord == 0 && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir))
                    break; /* LFN matched? */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11))
                    break; /* SFN matched? */
                ord         = 0xFF;
                dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
            }
        }
#else /* Non LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11))
            break; /* Is it a valid entry? */
#endif
        res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
    } while (res == FR_OK);

    return res;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_register(        /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
                            DIR *dp /* Target directory with object name to be created */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
    UINT n, nlen, nent;
    BYTE sn[12], sum;

    if (dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check name validity */
    for (nlen = 0; fs->lfnbuf[nlen]; nlen++)
        ; /* Get lfn length */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {   /* On the exFAT volume */
        nent = (nlen + 14) / 15 + 2; /* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
        res  = dir_alloc(dp, nent);  /* Allocate directory entries */
        if (res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (nent - 1); /* Set the allocated entry block offset */

        if (dp->obj.stat & 4) { /* Has the directory been stretched by new allocation? */
            dp->obj.stat &= ~4;
            res = fill_first_frag(&dp->obj); /* Fill the first fragment on the FAT if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK)
                return res;
            res = fill_last_frag(&dp->obj, dp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Fill the last fragment on the FAT if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK)
                return res;
            if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) { /* Is it a sub-directory? */
                DIR dj;

                res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj); /* Load the object status */
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    return res;
                dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Increase the directory size by cluster size */
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1; /* Update the allocation status */
                res                       = store_xdir(&dj);  /* Store the object status */
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    return res;
            }
        }

        create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf); /* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
    mem_cpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);
    if (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) {    /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN; /* Find only SFN */
        for (n = 1; n < 100; n++) {
            gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n); /* Generate a numbered name */
            res = dir_find(dp);                     /* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
        }
        if (n == 100)
            return FR_DENIED; /* Abort if too many collisions */
        if (res != FR_NO_FILE)
            return res; /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
    }

    /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
    nent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (nlen + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1; /* Number of entries to allocate */
    res  = dir_alloc(dp, nent);                              /* Allocate entries */
    if (res == FR_OK && --nent) {                            /* Set LFN entry if needed */
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - nent * SZDIRE);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn); /* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */
            do {                   /* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)nent, sum);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res       = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
            } while (res == FR_OK && --nent);
        }
    }

#else /* Non LFN configuration */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, 1); /* Allocate an entry for SFN */

#endif

    /* Set SFN entry */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mem_set(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);             /* Clean the entry */
            mem_cpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11); /* Put SFN */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT); /* Put NT flag */
#endif
            fs->wflag = 1;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_remove(        /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
                          DIR *dp /* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
    DWORD last = dp->dptr;

    res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* On the exFAT volume */
                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F;               /* Clear the entry InUse flag. */
            } else {                                      /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;                 /* Mark the entry 'deleted'. */
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            if (dp->dptr >= last)
                break;             /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
            res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
        } while (res == FR_OK);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_INT_ERR;
    }
#else /* Non LFN configuration */

    res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM; /* Mark the entry 'deleted'.*/
        fs->wflag         = 1;
    }
#endif

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_fileinfo(
    DIR *    dp, /* Pointer to the directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
)
{
    UINT si, di;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE   lcf;
    WCHAR  wc, hs;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#else
    TCHAR c;
#endif

    fno->fname[0] = 0; /* Invaidate file info */
    if (dp->sect == 0)
        return; /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */

#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* On the exFAT volume */
        get_xfileinfo(fs->dirbuf, fno);
        return;
    } else
#endif
    {                                    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        if (dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF) { /* Get LFN if available */
            si = di = hs = 0;
            while (fs->lfnbuf[si] != 0) {
                wc = fs->lfnbuf[si++];            /* Get an LFN character (UTF-16) */
                if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) { /* Is it a surrogate? */
                    hs = wc;
                    continue; /* Get low surrogate */
                }
                wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di); /* Store it in UTF-16 or UTF-8 encoding */
                if (wc == 0) {
                    di = 0;
                    break;
                } /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
                di += wc;
                hs = 0;
            }
            if (hs != 0)
                di = 0;         /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            fno->fname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the LFN (null string means LFN is invalid) */
        }
    }

    si = di = 0;
    while (si < 11) {       /* Get SFN from SFN entry */
        wc = dp->dir[si++]; /* Get a char */
        if (wc == ' ')
            continue; /* Skip padding spaces */
        if (wc == RDDEM)
            wc = DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if (si == 9 && di < FF_SFN_BUF)
            fno->altname[di++] = '.';                                           /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1                                                         /* Unicode output */
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si != 8 && si != 11 && dbc_2nd(dp->dir[si])) { /* Make a DBC if needed */
            wc = wc << 8 | dp->dir[si++];
        }
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* ANSI/OEM -> Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) {
            di = 0;
            break;
        }                                                     /* Wrong char in the current code page? */
        wc = put_utf(wc, &fno->altname[di], FF_SFN_BUF - di); /* Store it in Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) {
            di = 0;
            break;
        } /* Buffer overflow? */
        di += wc;
#else /* ANSI/OEM output */
        fno->altname[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;     /* Store it without any conversion */
#endif
    }
    fno->altname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the SFN  (null string means SFN is invalid) */

    if (fno->fname[0] == 0) { /* If LFN is invalid, altname[] needs to be copied to fname[] */
        if (di == 0) {        /* If LFN and SFN both are invalid, this object is inaccesible */
            fno->fname[di++] = '?';
        } else {
            for (si = di = 0, lcf = NS_BODY; fno->altname[si]; si++, di++) { /* Copy altname[] to fname[] with case information */
                wc = (WCHAR)fno->altname[si];
                if (wc == '.')
                    lcf = NS_EXT;
                if (IsUpper(wc) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & lcf))
                    wc += 0x20;
                fno->fname[di] = (TCHAR)wc;
            }
        }
        fno->fname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the LFN */
        if (!dp->dir[DIR_NTres])
            fno->altname[0] = 0; /* Altname is not needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
    }

#else /* Non-LFN configuration */
    si = di = 0;
    while (si < 11) { /* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[si++];
        if (c == ' ')
            continue; /* Skip padding spaces */
        if (c == RDDEM)
            c = DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if (si == 9)
            fno->fname[di++] = '.'; /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        fno->fname[di++] = c;
    }
    fno->fname[di] = 0;
#endif

    fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr];                  /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize   = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize);   /* Size */
    fno->ftime   = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 0); /* Time */
    fno->fdate   = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 2); /* Date */
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */

#if FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_achar(                  /* Get a character and advances ptr */
                       const TCHAR **ptr /* Pointer to pointer to the ANSI/OEM or Unicode string */
)
{
    DWORD chr;

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode input */
    chr = tchar2uni(ptr);
    if (chr == 0xFFFFFFFF)
        chr = 0; /* Wrong UTF encoding is recognized as end of the string */
    chr = ff_wtoupper(chr);

#else /* ANSI/OEM input */
    chr            = (BYTE) * (*ptr)++; /* Get a byte */
    if (IsLower(chr))
        chr -= 0x20; /* To upper ASCII char */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
    if (ExCvt && chr >= 0x80)
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80]; /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
    if (chr >= 0x80)
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80]; /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#endif
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 || FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900
    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)chr)) {    /* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
        chr = dbc_2nd((BYTE) * *ptr) ? chr << 8 | (BYTE) * (*ptr)++ : 0;
    }
#endif

#endif
    return chr;
}

static int pattern_matching(                   /* 0:not matched, 1:matched */
                            const TCHAR *pat,  /* Matching pattern */
                            const TCHAR *nam,  /* String to be tested */
                            int          skip, /* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s) */
                            int          inf   /* Infinite search (* specified) */
)
{
    const TCHAR *pp, *np;
    DWORD        pc, nc;
    int          nm, nx;

    while (skip--) { /* Pre-skip name chars */
        if (!get_achar(&nam))
            return 0; /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
    }
    if (*pat == 0 && inf)
        return 1; /* (short circuit) */

    do {
        pp = pat;
        np = nam; /* Top of pattern and name to match */
        for (;;) {
            if (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*') { /* Wildcard? */
                nm = nx = 0;
                do { /* Analyze the wildcard block */
                    if (*pp++ == '?')
                        nm++;
                    else
                        nx = 1;
                } while (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*');
                if (pattern_matching(pp, np, nm, nx))
                    return 1; /* Test new branch (recurs upto number of wildcard blocks in the pattern) */
                nc = *np;
                break; /* Branch mismatched */
            }
            pc = get_achar(&pp); /* Get a pattern char */
            nc = get_achar(&np); /* Get a name char */
            if (pc != nc)
                break; /* Branch mismatched? */
            if (pc == 0)
                return 1; /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
        }
        get_achar(&nam); /* nam++ */
    } while (inf && nc); /* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */

    return 0;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT create_name(                   /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
                           DIR *         dp,  /* Pointer to the directory object */
                           const TCHAR **path /* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
)
{
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
    BYTE         b, cf;
    WCHAR        wc, *lfn;
    DWORD        uc;
    UINT         i, ni, si, di;
    const TCHAR *p;

    /* Create LFN into LFN working buffer */
    p   = *path;
    lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf;
    di  = 0;
    for (;;) {
        uc = tchar2uni(&p); /* Get a character */
        if (uc == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Invalid code or UTF decode error */
        if (uc >= 0x10000)
            lfn[di++] = (WCHAR)(uc >> 16); /* Store high surrogate if needed */
        wc = (WCHAR)uc;
        if (wc < ' ' || wc == '/' || wc == '\\')
            break; /* Break if end of the path or a separator is found */
        if (wc < 0x80 && chk_chr("\"*:<>\?|\x7F", wc))
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
        if (di >= FF_MAX_LFN)
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject too long name */
        lfn[di++] = wc;             /* Store the Unicode character */
    }
    if (wc < ' ') {   /* End of path? */
        cf = NS_LAST; /* Set last segment flag */
    } else {
        cf = 0; /* Next segment follows */
        while (*p == '/' || *p == '\\')
            p++; /* Skip duplicated separators if exist */
    }
    *path = p; /* Return pointer to the next segment */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
        (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) { /* Is this segment a dot name? */
        lfn[di] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { /* Create dot name for SFN entry */
            dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
        }
        dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT; /* This is a dot entry */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    while (di) { /* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
        wc = lfn[di - 1];
        if (wc != ' ' && wc != '.')
            break;
        di--;
    }
    lfn[di] = 0; /* LFN is created into the working buffer */
    if (di == 0)
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject null name */

    /* Create SFN in directory form */
    for (si = 0; lfn[si] == ' '; si++)
        ; /* Remove leading spaces */
    if (si > 0 || lfn[si] == '.')
        cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Is there any leading space or dot? */
    while (di > 0 && lfn[di - 1] != '.')
        di--; /* Find last dot (di<=si: no extension) */

    mem_set(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
    i = b = 0;
    ni    = 8;
    for (;;) {
        wc = lfn[si++]; /* Get an LFN character */
        if (wc == 0)
            break;                                  /* Break on end of the LFN */
        if (wc == ' ' || (wc == '.' && si != di)) { /* Remove embedded spaces and dots */
            cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
            continue;
        }

        if (i >= ni || si == di) { /* End of field? */
            if (ni == 11) {        /* Name extension overflow? */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                break;
            }
            if (si != di)
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Name body overflow? */
            if (si > di)
                break; /* No name extension? */
            si = di;
            i  = 8;
            ni = 11;
            b <<= 2; /* Enter name extension */
            continue;
        }

        if (wc >= 0x80) { /* Is this a non-ASCII character? */
            cf |= NS_LFN; /* LFN entry needs to be created */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
            if (ExCvt) {                       /* At SBCS */
                wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
                if (wc & 0x80)
                    wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];                  /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
            } else {                                        /* At DBCS */
                wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> Upper convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900 /* SBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            if (wc & 0x80)
                wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F]; /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
#else                    /* DBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> Upper convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
#endif
        }

        if (wc >= 0x100) {     /* Is this a DBC? */
            if (i >= ni - 1) { /* Field overflow? */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                i = ni;
                continue; /* Next field */
            }
            dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);          /* Put 1st byte */
        } else {                                    /* SBC */
            if (wc == 0 || chk_chr("+,;=[]", wc)) { /* Replace illegal characters for SFN if needed */
                wc = '_';
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Lossy conversion */
            } else {
                if (IsUpper(wc)) { /* ASCII upper case? */
                    b |= 2;
                }
                if (IsLower(wc)) { /* ASCII lower case? */
                    b |= 1;
                    wc -= 0x20;
                }
            }
        }
        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
    }

    if (dp->fn[0] == DDEM)
        dp->fn[0] = RDDEM; /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */

    if (ni == 8)
        b <<= 2; /* Shift capital flags if no extension */
    if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03)
        cf |= NS_LFN;     /* LFN entry needs to be created if composite capitals */
    if (!(cf & NS_LFN)) { /* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
        if (b & 0x01)
            cf |= NS_EXT; /* NT flag (Extension has small capital letters only) */
        if (b & 0x04)
            cf |= NS_BODY; /* NT flag (Body has small capital letters only) */
    }

    dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf; /* SFN is created into dp->fn[] */

    return FR_OK;

#else /* FF_USE_LFN : Non-LFN configuration */
    BYTE        c, d, *sfn;
    UINT        ni, si, i;
    const char *p;

    /* Create file name in directory form */
    p   = *path;
    sfn = dp->fn;
    mem_set(sfn, ' ', 11);
    si = i = 0;
    ni     = 8;
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (p[si] == '.') { /* Is this a dot entry? */
        for (;;) {
            c = (BYTE)p[si++];
            if (c != '.' || si >= 3)
                break;
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
        if (c != '/' && c != '\\' && c > ' ')
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;
        *path       = p + si;                                 /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    for (;;) {
        c = (BYTE)p[si++]; /* Get a byte */
        if (c <= ' ')
            break;                   /* Break if end of the path name */
        if (c == '/' || c == '\\') { /* Break if a separator is found */
            while (p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\')
                si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            break;
        }
        if (c == '.' || i >= ni) { /* End of body or field overflow? */
            if (ni == 11 || c != '.')
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Field overflow or invalid dot? */
            i  = 8;
            ni = 11; /* Enter file extension field */
            continue;
        }
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
        if (ExCvt && c >= 0x80) { /* Is SBC extended character? */
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];  /* To upper SBC extended character */
        }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
        if (c >= 0x80) {         /* Is SBC extended character? */
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F]; /* To upper SBC extended character */
        }
#endif
        if (dbc_1st(c)) {      /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte */
            d = (BYTE)p[si++]; /* Get 2nd byte */
            if (!dbc_2nd(d) || i >= ni - 1)
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid DBC */
            sfn[i++] = c;
            sfn[i++] = d;
        } else { /* SBC */
            if (chk_chr("\"*+,:;<=>\?[]|\x7F", c))
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
            if (IsLower(c))
                c -= 0x20; /* To upper */
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
    }
    *path = p + si; /* Return pointer to the next segment */
    if (i == 0)
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject nul string */

    if (sfn[0] == DDEM)
        sfn[0] = RDDEM;                     /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */

    return FR_OK;
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT follow_path(                  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
                           DIR *        dp,  /* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
                           const TCHAR *path /* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    BYTE    ns;
    FATFS * fs = dp->obj.fs;

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (*path != '/' && *path != '\\') { /* Without heading separator */
        dp->obj.sclust = fs->cdir;       /* Start from current directory */
    } else
#endif
    { /* With heading separator */
        while (*path == '/' || *path == '\\')
            path++;         /* Strip heading separator */
        dp->obj.sclust = 0; /* Start from root directory */
    }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0; /* Invalidate last fragment counter of the object */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && dp->obj.sclust) { /* exFAT: Retrieve the sub-directory's status */
        DIR dj;

        dp->obj.c_scl  = fs->cdc_scl;
        dp->obj.c_size = fs->cdc_size;
        dp->obj.c_ofs  = fs->cdc_ofs;
        res            = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);
        if (res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        dp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
        dp->obj.stat    = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
    }
#endif
#endif

    if ((UINT)*path < ' ') { /* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
        res            = dir_sdi(dp, 0);

    } else { /* Follow path */
        for (;;) {
            res = create_name(dp, &path); /* Get a segment name of the path */
            if (res != FR_OK)
                break;
            res = dir_find(dp); /* Find an object with the segment name */
            ns  = dp->fn[NSFLAG];
            if (res != FR_OK) {                         /* Failed to find the object */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* Object is not found */
                    if (FF_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT)) { /* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST))
                            continue; /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                        res            = FR_OK;
                    } else { /* Could not find the object */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST))
                            res = FR_NO_PATH; /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            if (ns & NS_LAST)
                break; /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
            /* Get into the sub-directory */
            if (!(dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR)) { /* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
                res = FR_NO_PATH;
                break;
            }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* Save containing directory information for next dir */
                dp->obj.c_scl  = dp->obj.sclust;
                dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                dp->obj.c_ofs  = dp->blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj); /* Open next directory */
            } else
#endif
            {
                dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs)); /* Open next directory */
            }
        }
    }

    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int get_ldnumber(                   /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive number or null pointer) */
                        const TCHAR **path /* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
)
{
    const TCHAR *tp, *tt;
    TCHAR        tc;
    int          i, vol = -1;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID /* Find string volume ID */
    const char *sp;
    char        c;
#endif

    tt = tp = *path;
    if (!tp)
        return vol; /* Invalid path name? */
    do
        tc = *tt++;
    while ((UINT)tc >= (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!') && tc != ':'); /* Find a colon in the path */

    if (tc == ':') { /* DOS/Windows style volume ID? */
        i = FF_VOLUMES;
        if (IsDigit(*tp) && tp + 2 == tt) { /* Is there a numeric volume ID + colon? */
            i = (int)*tp - '0';             /* Get the LD number */
        }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1 /* Arbitrary string is enabled */
        else {
            i = 0;
            do {
                sp = VolumeStr[i];
                tp = *path; /* This string volume ID and path name */
                do {        /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                    c  = *sp++;
                    tc = *tp++;
                    if (IsLower(c))
                        c -= 0x20;
                    if (IsLower(tc))
                        tc -= 0x20;
                } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
            } while ((c || tp != tt) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES); /* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
        }
#endif
        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) { /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
            vol   = i;        /* Drive number */
            *path = tt;       /* Snip the drive prefix off */
        }
        return vol;
    }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2 /* Unix style volume ID is enabled */
    if (*tp == '/') {
        i = 0;
        do {
            sp = VolumeStr[i];
            tp = *path; /* This string volume ID and path name */
            do {        /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                c  = *sp++;
                tc = *(++tp);
                if (IsLower(c))
                    c -= 0x20;
                if (IsLower(tc))
                    tc -= 0x20;
            } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
        } while ((c || (tc != '/' && (UINT)tc >= (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!'))) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES); /* Repeat for each ID until pattern match */
        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {                                                                     /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
            vol   = i;                                                                            /* Drive number */
            *path = tp;                                                                           /* Snip the drive prefix off */
            return vol;
        }
    }
#endif
    /* No drive prefix is found */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    vol = CurrVol; /* Default drive is current drive */
#else
    vol = 0;                                              /* Default drive is 0 */
#endif
    return vol; /* Return the default drive */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* GPT support functions                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_LBA64

/* Calculate CRC32 in byte-by-byte */

static DWORD crc32(           /* Returns next CRC value */
                   DWORD crc, /* Current CRC value */
                   BYTE  d    /* A byte to be processed */
)
{
    BYTE b;

    for (b = 1; b; b <<= 1) {
        crc ^= (d & b) ? 1 : 0;
        crc = (crc & 1) ? crc >> 1 ^ 0xEDB88320 : crc >> 1;
    }
    return crc;
}

/* Check validity of GPT header */

static int test_gpt_header(                 /* 0:Invalid, 1:Valid */
                           const BYTE *gpth /* Pointer to the GPT header */
)
{
    UINT  i;
    DWORD bcc;

    if (mem_cmp(gpth + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART"
                                  "\0\0\1\0"
                                  "\x5C\0\0",
                16))
        return 0;                                /* Check sign, version (1.0) and length (92) */
    for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; i++) { /* Check header BCC */
        bcc = crc32(bcc, i - GPTH_Bcc < 4 ? 0 : gpth[i]);
    }
    if (~bcc != ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Bcc))
        return 0;
    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PteSize) != SZ_GPTE)
        return 0; /* Table entry size (must be SZ_GPTE bytes) */
    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PtNum) > 128)
        return 0; /* Table size (must be 128 entries or less) */

    return 1;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS

/* Generate random value */
static DWORD make_rand(
    DWORD seed, /* Seed value */
    BYTE *buff, /* Output buffer */
    UINT  n     /* Data length */
)
{
    UINT r;

    if (seed == 0)
        seed = 1;
    do {
        for (r = 0; r < 8; r++)
            seed = seed & 1 ? seed >> 1 ^ 0xA3000000 : seed >> 1; /* Shift 8 bits the 32-bit LFSR */
        *buff++ = (BYTE)seed;
    } while (--n);
    return seed;
}

#endif
#endif

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT VBR                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Check what the sector is */

static UINT check_fs(            /* 0:FAT VBR, 1:exFAT VBR, 2:Valid BS but not FAT, 3:Invalid BS, 4:Disk error */
                     FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
                     LBA_t  sect /* Sector to load and check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
)
{
    fs->wflag   = 0;
    fs->winsect = (LBA_t)0 - 1; /* Invaidate window */
    if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK)
        return 4; /* Load the boot sector */

    if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55)
        return 3; /* Check boot signature (always here regardless of the sector size) */

    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && !mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90"
                                                      "EXFAT   ",
                                11))
        return 1; /* Check if exFAT VBR */

    if (fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE9 || fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xEB || fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE8) { /* Valid JumpBoot code? */
        if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType, "FAT", 3))
            return 0; /* Is it an FAT VBR? */
        if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32, "FAT32", 5))
            return 0; /* Is it an FAT32 VBR? */
    }
    return 2; /* Valid BS but not FAT */
}

/* Find an FAT volume */
/* (It supports only generic partitioning rules, MBR, GPT and SFD) */

static UINT find_volume(            /* Returns BS status found in the hosting drive */
                        FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
                        UINT   part /* Partition to fined = 0:auto, 1..:forced */
)
{
    UINT  fmt, i;
    DWORD mbr_pt[4];

    fmt = check_fs(fs, 0); /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT VBR as SFD */
    if (fmt != 2 && (fmt >= 3 || part == 0))
        return fmt; /* Returns if it is a FAT VBR as auto scan, not a BS or disk error */

        /* Sector 0 is not an FAT VBR or forced partition number wants a partition */

#if FF_LBA64
    if (fs->win[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) { /* GPT protective MBR? */
        DWORD n_ent, v_ent, ofs;
        QWORD pt_lba;

        if (move_window(fs, 1) != FR_OK)
            return 4; /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
        if (!test_gpt_header(fs->win))
            return 3;                            /* Check if GPT header is valid */
        n_ent  = ld_dword(fs->win + GPTH_PtNum); /* Number of entries */
        pt_lba = ld_qword(fs->win + GPTH_PtOfs); /* Table location */
        for (v_ent = i = 0; i < n_ent; i++) {    /* Find FAT partition */
            if (move_window(fs, pt_lba + i * SZ_GPTE / SS(fs)) != FR_OK)
                return 4;                                                   /* PT sector */
            ofs = i * SZ_GPTE % SS(fs);                                     /* Offset in the sector */
            if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16)) { /* MS basic data partition? */
                v_ent++;
                fmt = check_fs(fs, ld_qword(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_FstLba)); /* Load VBR and check status */
                if (part == 0 && fmt <= 1)
                    return fmt; /* Auto search (valid FAT volume found first) */
                if (part != 0 && v_ent == part)
                    return fmt; /* Forced partition order (regardless of it is valid or not) */
            }
        }
        return 3; /* Not found */
    }
#endif
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && part > 4)
        return 3;             /* MBR has 4 partitions max */
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { /* Load partition offset in the MBR */
        mbr_pt[i] = ld_dword(fs->win + MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE + PTE_StLba);
    }
    i = part ? part - 1 : 0;                           /* Table index to find first */
    do {                                               /* Find an FAT volume */
        fmt = mbr_pt[i] ? check_fs(fs, mbr_pt[i]) : 3; /* Check if the partition is FAT */
    } while (part == 0 && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);
    return fmt;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Determine logical drive number and mount the volume if needed         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT mount_volume(                    /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: an error occurred */
                            const TCHAR **path, /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
                            FATFS **      rfs,  /* Pointer to pointer to the found filesystem object */
                            BYTE          mode  /* !=0: Check write protection for write access */
)
{
    int     vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
    LBA_t   bsect;
    DWORD   tsect, sysect, fasize, nclst, szbfat;
    WORD    nrsv;
    FATFS * fs;
    UINT    fmt;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    *rfs = 0;
    vol  = get_ldnumber(path);
    if (vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;

    /* Check if the filesystem object is valid or not */
    fs = FatFs[vol]; /* Get pointer to the filesystem object */
    if (!fs)
        return FR_NOT_ENABLED; /* Is the filesystem object available? */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
    if (!lock_fs(fs))
        return FR_TIMEOUT; /* Lock the volume */
#endif
    *rfs = fs; /* Return pointer to the filesystem object */

    mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ; /* Desired access mode, write access or not */
    if (fs->fs_type != 0) { /* If the volume has been mounted */
        stat = disk_status(fs->pdrv);
        if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {                                /* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
            if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) { /* Check write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
            }
            return FR_OK; /* The filesystem object is already valid */
        }
    }

    /* The filesystem object is not valid. */
    /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (find a FAT volume, analyze the BPB and initialize the filesystem object) */

    fs->fs_type = 0;                         /* Clear the filesystem object */
    fs->pdrv    = LD2PD(vol);                /* Volume hosting physical drive */
    stat        = disk_initialize(fs->pdrv); /* Initialize the physical drive */
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) {                 /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
        return FR_NOT_READY;                 /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
    }
    if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) { /* Check disk write protection if needed */
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS /* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */
    if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if (SS(fs) > FF_MAX_SS || SS(fs) < FF_MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1)))
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif

    //在这里判断，如果不是U盘设备，则退出流程，避免软件崩溃
    if(HV_FALSE == Hv_Drv_USB_CheckStorageDev())
    {
        return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
    }

    /* Find an FAT volume on the drive */
    fmt = find_volume(fs, LD2PT(vol));
    if (fmt == 4)
        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* An error occured in the disk I/O layer */
    if (fmt >= 2)
        return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* No FAT volume is found */
    bsect = fs->winsect;         /* Volume location */

    /* An FAT volume is found (bsect). Following code initializes the filesystem object */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fmt == 1) {
        QWORD maxlba;
        DWORD so, cv, bcl, i;

        for (i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++)
            ; /* Check zero filler */
        if (i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Check exFAT version (must be version 1.0) */

        if (1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs)) { /* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect; /* Last LBA + 1 of the volume */
        if (!FF_LBA64 && maxlba >= 0x100000000)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (It cannot be handled in 32-bit LBA) */

        fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx); /* Number of sectors per FAT */

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx]; /* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */

        fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx]; /* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be 1..32768) */

        nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx); /* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst > MAX_EXFAT)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Too many clusters) */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->volbase  = bsect;
        fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
        fs->fatbase  = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);
        if (maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size requiered) */
        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);

        /* Get bitmap location and check if it is contiguous (implementation assumption) */
        so = i = 0;
        for (;;) { /* Find the bitmap entry in the root directory (in only first cluster) */
            if (i == 0) {
                if (so >= fs->csize)
                    return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Not found? */
                if (move_window(fs, clst2sect(fs, (DWORD)fs->dirbase) + so) != FR_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
                so++;
            }
            if (fs->win[i] == ET_BITMAP)
                break;                 /* Is it a bitmap entry? */
            i = (i + SZDIRE) % SS(fs); /* Next entry */
        }
        bcl = ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20); /* Bitmap cluster */
        if (bcl < 2 || bcl >= fs->n_fatent)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        fs->bitbase = fs->database + fs->csize * (bcl - 2); /* Bitmap sector */
        for (;;) {                                          /* Check if bitmap is contiguous */
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + bcl / (SS(fs) / 4)) != FR_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            cv = ld_dword(fs->win + bcl % (SS(fs) / 4) * 4);
            if (cv == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                break; /* Last link? */
            if (cv != ++bcl)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Fragmented? */
        }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
        fmt = FS_EXFAT; /* FAT sub-type */
    } else
#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {
        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */

        fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16); /* Number of sectors per FAT */
        if (fasize == 0)
            fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
        fs->fsize = fasize;

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs]; /* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
        fasize *= fs->n_fats;        /* Number of sectors for FAT area */

        fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus]; /* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1)))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be power of 2) */

        fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt); /* Number of root directory entries */
        if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be sector aligned) */

        tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16); /* Number of sectors on the volume */
        if (tsect == 0)
            tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);

        nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt); /* Number of reserved sectors */
        if (nrsv == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must not be 0) */

        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
        sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE); /* RSV + FAT + DIR */
        if (tsect < sysect)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;          /* (Invalid volume size) */
        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize; /* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Invalid volume size) */
        fmt = 0;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT32)
            fmt = FS_FAT32;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT16)
            fmt = FS_FAT16;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT12)
            fmt = FS_FAT12;
        if (fmt == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;      /* Number of FAT entries */
        fs->volbase  = bsect;          /* Volume start sector */
        fs->fatbase  = bsect + nrsv;   /* FAT start sector */
        fs->database = bsect + sysect; /* Data start sector */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
            if (fs->n_rootdir != 0)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                      /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32); /* Root directory start cluster */
            szbfat      = fs->n_fatent * 4;                   /* (Needed FAT size) */
        } else {
            if (fs->n_rootdir == 0)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize; /* Root directory start sector */
            szbfat      = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?   /* (Needed FAT size) */
                         fs->n_fatent * 2
                                       : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }
        if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        /* Get FSInfo if available */
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
        fs->fsi_flag                  = 0x80;
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32 /* Allow to update FSInfo only if BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
            && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1 && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK) {
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55 /* Load FSInfo data if available */
                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252 && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272) {
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
            }
        }
#endif /* (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
    }

    fs->fs_type = (BYTE)fmt; /* FAT sub-type */
    fs->id      = ++Fsid;    /* Volume mount ID */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
    fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf; /* Static LFN working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    fs->dirbuf = DirBuf; /* Static directory block scratchpad buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    fs->cdir = 0; /* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0 /* Clear file lock semaphores */
    clear_lock(fs);
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT validate(              /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
                        FFOBJID *obj, /* Pointer to the FFOBJID, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR object, to check validity */
                        FATFS ** rfs  /* Pointer to pointer to the owner filesystem object to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    if (obj && obj->fs && obj->fs->fs_type && obj->id == obj->fs->id) { /* Test if the object is valid */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        if (lock_fs(obj->fs)) {                               /* Obtain the filesystem object */
            if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the phsical drive is kept initialized */
                res = FR_OK;
            } else {
                unlock_fs(obj->fs, FR_OK);
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_TIMEOUT;
        }
#else
        if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the phsical drive is kept initialized */
            res = FR_OK;
        }
#endif
    }
    *rfs = (res == FR_OK) ? obj->fs : 0; /* Corresponding filesystem object */
    return res;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Public Functions (FatFs API)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mount(
    FATFS *      fs,   /* Pointer to the filesystem object (NULL:unmount)*/
    const TCHAR *path, /* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
    BYTE         opt   /* Mode option 0:Do not mount (delayed mount), 1:Mount immediately */
)
{
    FATFS *      cfs;
    int          vol;
    FRESULT      res;
    const TCHAR *rp = path;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);
    if (vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    cfs = FatFs[vol]; /* Pointer to fs object */

    if (cfs) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        clear_lock(cfs);
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT /* Discard sync object of the current volume */
        if (!ff_del_syncobj(cfs->sobj))
            return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        cfs->fs_type = 0; /* Clear old fs object */
    }

    if (fs) {
        fs->fs_type = 0; /* Clear new fs object */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT      /* Create sync object for the new volume */
        if (!ff_cre_syncobj((BYTE)vol, &fs->sobj))
            return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
    }
    FatFs[vol] = fs; /* Register new fs object */

    if (opt == 0)
        return FR_OK; /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted later */

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0); /* Force mounted the volume */
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_open(
    FIL *        fp,   /* Pointer to the blank file object */
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file name */
    BYTE         mode  /* Access mode and file open mode flags */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FATFS * fs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    DWORD   cl, bcs, clst;
    LBA_t   sc;
    FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF

    if (!fp)
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    mode &= FF_FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND;
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, mode);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY                   /* Read/Write configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) { /* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            }
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            else {
                res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0); /* Check if the file can be used */
            }
#endif
        }
        /* Create or Open a file */
        if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
            if (res != FR_OK) {          /* No file, create new */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) { /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
                    res = enq_lock() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                    res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                }
                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;              /* File is created */
            } else {                                   /* Any object with the same name is already existing */
                if (dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) { /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                    res = FR_DENIED;
                } else {
                    if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW)
                        res = FR_EXIST; /* Cannot create as new file */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) { /* Truncate the file if overwrite mode */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    /* Get current allocation info */
                    fp->obj.fs = fs;
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
                    /* Set directory entry block initial state */
                    mem_set(fs->dirbuf + 2, 0, 30);  /* Clear 85 entry except for NumSec */
                    mem_set(fs->dirbuf + 38, 0, 26); /* Clear C0 entry except for NumName and NameHash */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME());
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                    res                       = store_xdir(&dj);
                    if (res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust != 0) { /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        res           = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1; /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                    }
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* Set directory entry initial state */
                    cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                     /* Get current cluster chain */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME()); /* Set created time */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;                     /* Reset attribute */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);                       /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    if (cl != 0) { /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        sc  = fs->winsect;
                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res           = move_window(fs, sc);
                            fs->last_clst = cl - 1; /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {                            /* Open an existing file */
            if (res == FR_OK) {             /* Is the object exsiting? */
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) { /* File open against a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                } else {
                    if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)) { /* Write mode open against R/O file */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)
                mode |= FA_MODIFIED;    /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
            fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect; /* Pointer to the directory entry */
            fp->dir_ptr  = dj.dir;
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            fp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0); /* Lock the file for this session */
            if (fp->obj.lockid == 0)
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        }
#else /* R/O configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) { /* Is it origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) { /* Is it a directory? */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                }
            }
        }
#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.c_scl  = dj.obj.sclust; /* Get containing directory info */
                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                fp->obj.c_ofs  = dj.blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.sclust  = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Get object allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
            }
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
            fp->cltbl = 0; /* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
            fp->obj.fs = fs; /* Validate the file object */
            fp->obj.id = fs->id;
            fp->flag   = mode; /* Set file access mode */
            fp->err    = 0;    /* Clear error flag */
            fp->sect   = 0;    /* Invalidate current data sector */
            fp->fptr   = 0;    /* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            mem_set(fp->buf, 0, sizeof fp->buf); /* Clear sector buffer */
#endif
            if ((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0) { /* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;                   /* Offset to seek */
                bcs      = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);         /* Cluster size in byte */
                clst     = fp->obj.sclust;                    /* Follow the cluster chain */
                for (ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs) {
                    clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                    if (clst <= 1)
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
                fp->clust = clst;
                if (res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs)) { /* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                    sc = clst2sect(fs, clst);
                    if (sc == 0) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    } else {
                        fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
                    }
                }
            }
#endif
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    if (res != FR_OK)
        fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object on error */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_read(
    FIL * fp,   /* Pointer to the file object */
    void *buff, /* Pointer to data buffer */
    UINT  btr,  /* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT *br    /* Pointer to number of bytes read */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   clst;
    LBA_t   sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT    rcnt, cc, csect;
    BYTE *  rbuff = (BYTE *)buff;

    *br = 0;                       /* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btr > remain)
        btr = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */

    for (; btr; /* Repeat until btr bytes read */
         btr -= rcnt, *br += rcnt, rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {                            /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {                                    /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {                             /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;                       /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else {                                         /* Middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst < 2)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */
            if (sect == 0)
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btr / SS(fs);                /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc > 0) {                     /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) { /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }
#else
                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }
#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->sect != sect) { /* Load data sector if not in cache */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                    if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btr)
            rcnt = btr; /* Clip it by btr if needed */
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);                        /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#else
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_write(
    FIL *       fp,   /* Pointer to the file object */
    const void *buff, /* Pointer to the data to be written */
    UINT        btw,  /* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT *      bw    /* Pointer to number of bytes written */
)
{
    FRESULT     res;
    FATFS *     fs;
    DWORD       clst;
    LBA_t       sect;
    UINT        wcnt, cc, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE *)buff;

    *bw = 0;                       /* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4 GiB at FAT volume) */
    if ((!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }

    for (; btw; /* Repeat until all data written */
         btw -= wcnt, *bw += wcnt, wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {                            /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1); /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {                                    /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {                             /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;                       /* Follow from the origin */
                    if (clst == 0) {                             /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);        /* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else { /* On the middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst == 0)
                    break; /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                if (clst == 1)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0)
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
            }
#if FF_FS_TINY
            if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write-back sector cache */
#else
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) { /* Write-back sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */
            if (sect == 0)
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btw / SS(fs);                /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc > 0) {                     /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) { /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }
#else
                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) { /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fs->winsect = sect;
            }
#else
            if (fp->sect != sect && /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (wcnt > btw)
            wcnt = btw; /* Clip it by btw if needed */
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);                        /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        mem_cpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }

    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED; /* Set file change flag */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_sync(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   tm;
    BYTE *  dir;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED) { /* Is there any change to the file? */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) { /* Write-back cached data if needed */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            /* Update the directory entry */
            tm = GET_FATTIME(); /* Modified time */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = fill_first_frag(&fp->obj); /* Fill first fragment on the FAT if needed */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    DIR dj;
                    DEF_NAMBUF

                    INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                    res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &fp->obj); /* Load directory entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                            /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1;               /* Update file allocation information */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);        /* Update start cluster */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);      /* Update file size */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize); /* (FatFs does not support Valid File Size feature) */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);                    /* Update modified time */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                        res = store_xdir(&dj); /* Restore it to the directory */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = sync_fs(fs);
                            fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                    }
                    FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                    dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                              /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                    st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);            /* Update file allocation information  */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize); /* Update file size */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);                      /* Update modified time */
                    st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res       = sync_fs(fs); /* Restore it to the directory */
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_close(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    res = f_sync(fp); /* Flush cached data */
    if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
    {
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Lock volume */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            res = dec_lock(fp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement file open counter */
            if (res == FR_OK)
                fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object */
#else
            fp->obj.fs = 0;                                /* Invalidate file object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
            unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK); /* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chdrive(
    const TCHAR *path /* Drive number to set */
)
{
    int vol;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);
    if (vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    CurrVol = (BYTE)vol; /* Set it as current volume */

    return FR_OK;
}

FRESULT f_chdir(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2
    UINT i;
#endif
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FATFS * fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);        /* Follow the path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                  /* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) { /* Is it the start directory itself? */
                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    fs->cdc_scl  = dj.obj.c_scl;
                    fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                    fs->cdc_ofs  = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                }
#endif
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) { /* It is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        fs->cdir     = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus); /* Sub-directory cluster */
                        fs->cdc_scl  = dj.obj.sclust;                       /* Save containing directory information */
                        fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                        fs->cdc_ofs  = dj.blk_ofs;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Sub-directory cluster */
                    }
                } else {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH; /* Reached but a file */
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2 /* Also current drive is changed at Unix style volume ID */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            for (i = FF_VOLUMES - 1; i && fs != FatFs[i]; i--)
                ; /* Set current drive */
            CurrVol = (BYTE)i;
        }
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
FRESULT f_getcwd(
    TCHAR *buff, /* Pointer to the directory path */
    UINT   len   /* Size of buff in unit of TCHAR */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FATFS * fs;
    UINT    i, n;
    DWORD   ccl;
    TCHAR * tp = buff;
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2
    UINT vl;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
    const char *vp;
#endif
#endif
    FILINFO fno;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    buff[0] = 0;                                           /* Set null string to get current volume */
    res     = mount_volume((const TCHAR **)&buff, &fs, 0); /* Get current volume */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);

        /* Follow parent directories and create the path */
        i = len;                                       /* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */
        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) { /* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
            dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir;                  /* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */
            while ((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0) {       /* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE);        /* Get parent directory */
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Goto parent directory */
                res           = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                do { /* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                    res = DIR_READ_FILE(&dj);
                    if (res != FR_OK)
                        break;
                    if (ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir))
                        break; /* Found the entry */
                    res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                } while (res == FR_OK);
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
                    res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                if (res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno); /* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */
                for (n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++)
                    ;            /* Name length */
                if (i < n + 1) { /* Insufficient space to store the path name? */
                    res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
                    break;
                }
                while (n)
                    buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n]; /* Stack the name */
                buff[--i] = '/';
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (i == len)
                buff[--i] = '/'; /* Is it the root-directory? */
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2              /* Put drive prefix */
            vl = 0;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID >= 1 /* String volume ID */
            for (n = 0, vp = (const char *)VolumeStr[CurrVol]; vp[n]; n++)
                ;
            if (i >= n + 2) {
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2)
                    *tp++ = (TCHAR)'/';
                for (vl = 0; vl < n; *tp++ = (TCHAR)vp[vl], vl++)
                    ;
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1)
                    *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                vl++;
            }
#else /* Numeric volume ID */
            if (i >= 3) {
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)'0' + CurrVol;
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                vl    = 2;
            }
#endif
            if (vl == 0)
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
#endif
            /* Add current directory path */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                do
                    *tp++ = buff[i++];
                while (i < len); /* Copy stacked path string */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    *tp = 0;
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 1 */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File Read/Write Pointer                                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_lseek(
    FIL *   fp, /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs /* File pointer from top of file */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   clst, bcs;
    LBA_t   nsect;
    FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, tlen, ulen, *tbl;
    LBA_t dsc;
#endif

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK)
        res = (FRESULT)fp->err;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
    if (res == FR_OK && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
    }
#endif
    if (res != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    if (fp->cltbl) {                 /* Fast seek */
        if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) { /* Create CLMT */
            tbl  = fp->cltbl;
            tlen = *tbl++;
            ulen = 2;              /* Given table size and required table size */
            cl   = fp->obj.sclust; /* Origin of the chain */
            if (cl != 0) {
                do {
                    /* Get a fragment */
                    tcl = cl;
                    ncl = 0;
                    ulen += 2; /* Top, length and used items */
                    do {
                        pcl = cl;
                        ncl++;
                        cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);
                        if (cl <= 1)
                            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    } while (cl == pcl + 1);
                    if (ulen <= tlen) { /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                        *tbl++ = ncl;
                        *tbl++ = tcl;
                    }
                } while (cl < fs->n_fatent); /* Repeat until end of chain */
            }
            *fp->cltbl = ulen; /* Number of items used */
            if (ulen <= tlen) {
                *tbl = 0; /* Terminate table */
            } else {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; /* Given table size is smaller than required */
            }
        } else { /* Fast seek */
            if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize)
                ofs = fp->obj.objsize; /* Clip offset at the file size */
            fp->fptr = ofs;            /* Set file pointer */
            if (ofs > 0) {
                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                dsc       = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);
                if (dsc == 0)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect) { /* Refill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                    }
#endif
                    if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load current sector */
#endif
                    fp->sect = dsc;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif

    /* Normal Seek */
    {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000)
            ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Clip at 4 GiB - 1 if at FATxx */
#endif
        if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (FF_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))) { /* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
            ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
        }
        ifptr    = fp->fptr;
        fp->fptr = nsect = 0;
        if (ofs > 0) {
            bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Cluster size (byte) */
            if (ifptr > 0 &&
                (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) {       /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1); /* start from the current cluster */
                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                clst = fp->clust;
            } else {                   /* When seek to back cluster, */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* start from the first cluster */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                if (clst == 0) { /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                    clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);
                    if (clst == 1)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                }
#endif
                fp->clust = clst;
            }
            if (clst != 0) {
                while (ofs > bcs) { /* Cluster following loop */
                    ofs -= bcs;
                    fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_WRITE) {                           /* Check if in write mode or not */
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) { /* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow chain with forceed stretch */
                        if (clst == 0) {                     /* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                            ofs = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    fp->clust = clst;
                }
                fp->fptr += ofs;
                if (ofs % SS(fs)) {
                    nsect = clst2sect(fs, clst); /* Current sector */
                    if (nsect == 0)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                }
            }
        }
        if (!FF_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) { /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
        }
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect) { /* Fill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK)
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
#endif
            fp->sect = nsect;
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_opendir(
    DIR *        dp,  /* Pointer to directory object to create */
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    if (!dp)
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(dp, path);             /* Follow the path to the directory */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                      /* Follow completed */
            if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)) { /* It is not the origin directory itself */
                if (dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR) {     /* This object is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        dp->obj.c_scl  = dp->obj.sclust; /* Get containing directory inforamation */
                        dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                        dp->obj.c_ofs  = dp->blk_ofs;
                        init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj); /* Get object allocation info */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir); /* Get object allocation info */
                    }
                } else { /* This object is a file */
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                dp->obj.id = fs->id;
                res        = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind directory */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {
                        dp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(dp, 0); /* Lock the sub directory */
                        if (!dp->obj.lockid)
                            res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                    } else {
                        dp->obj.lockid = 0; /* Root directory need not to be locked */
                    }
                }
#endif
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
    }
    if (res != FR_OK)
        dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate the directory object if function faild */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_closedir(
    DIR *dp /* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;

    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        if (dp->obj.lockid)
            res = dec_lock(dp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
        if (res == FR_OK)
            dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
#else
        dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK); /* Unlock volume */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_readdir(
    DIR *    dp, /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the directory object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (!fno) {
            res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind the directory object */
        } else {
            INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
            res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp); /* Read an item */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
                res = FR_OK;           /* Ignore end of directory */
            if (res == FR_OK) {        /* A valid entry is found */
                get_fileinfo(dp, fno); /* Get the object information */
                res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Increment index for next */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
                    res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory now */
            }
            FREE_NAMBUF();
        }
    }
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findnext(
    DIR *    dp, /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the file information structure */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    for (;;) {
        res = f_readdir(dp, fno); /* Get a directory item */
        if (res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0])
            break; /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, 0))
            break; /* Test for the file name */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_USE_FIND == 2
        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, 0))
            break; /* Test for alternative name if exist */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findfirst(
    DIR *        dp,     /* Pointer to the blank directory object */
    FILINFO *    fno,    /* Pointer to the file information structure */
    const TCHAR *path,   /* Pointer to the directory to open */
    const TCHAR *pattern /* Pointer to the matching pattern */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    dp->pat = pattern;             /* Save pointer to pattern string */
    res     = f_opendir(dp, path); /* Open the target directory */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = f_findnext(dp, fno); /* Find the first item */
    }
    return res;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FIND */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_stat(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file path */
    FILINFO *    fno   /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);        /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                  /* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) { /* It is origin directory */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else { /* Found an object */
                if (fno)
                    get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getfree(
    const TCHAR *path,  /* Logical drive number */
    DWORD *      nclst, /* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
    FATFS **     fatfs  /* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   nfree, clst, stat;
    LBA_t   sect;
    UINT    i;
    FFOBJID obj;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        *fatfs = fs; /* Return ptr to the fs object */
        /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full FAT scan */
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            *nclst = fs->free_clst;
        } else {
            /* Scan FAT to obtain number of free clusters */
            nfree = 0;
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12) { /* FAT12: Scan bit field FAT entries */
                clst   = 2;
                obj.fs = fs;
                do {
                    stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);
                    if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (stat == 1) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                        break;
                    }
                    if (stat == 0)
                        nfree++;
                } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
            } else {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* exFAT: Scan allocation bitmap */
                    BYTE bm;
                    UINT b;

                    clst = fs->n_fatent - 2; /* Number of clusters */
                    sect = fs->bitbase;      /* Bitmap sector */
                    i    = 0;                /* Offset in the sector */
                    do {                     /* Counts numbuer of bits with zero in the bitmap */
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK)
                                break;
                        }
                        for (b = 8, bm = fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--) {
                            if (!(bm & 1))
                                nfree++;
                            bm >>= 1;
                        }
                        i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                    } while (clst);
                } else
#endif
                {                        /* FAT16/32: Scan WORD/DWORD FAT entries */
                    clst = fs->n_fatent; /* Number of entries */
                    sect = fs->fatbase;  /* Top of the FAT */
                    i    = 0;            /* Offset in the sector */
                    do {                 /* Counts numbuer of entries with zero in the FAT */
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK)
                                break;
                        }
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16) {
                            if (ld_word(fs->win + i) == 0)
                                nfree++;
                            i += 2;
                        } else {
                            if ((ld_dword(fs->win + i) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0)
                                nfree++;
                            i += 4;
                        }
                        i %= SS(fs);
                    } while (--clst);
                }
            }
            *nclst        = nfree; /* Return the free clusters */
            fs->free_clst = nfree; /* Now free_clst is valid */
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;     /* FAT32: FSInfo is to be updated */
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_truncate(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   ncl;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    if (fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize) { /* Process when fptr is not on the eof */
        if (fp->fptr == 0) {          /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
            res            = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
            fp->obj.sclust = 0;
        } else { /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
            ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
            res = FR_OK;
            if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            if (ncl == 1)
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent) {
                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
            }
        }
        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr; /* Set file size to current read/write point */
        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !FF_FS_TINY
        if (res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)) {
            if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            } else {
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
        }
#endif
        if (res != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, res);
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_unlink(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the file or directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj, sdj;
    DWORD   dclst = 0;
    FATFS * fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    FFOBJID obj;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Cannot remove dot entry */
        }
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        if (res == FR_OK)
            res = chk_lock(&dj, 2); /* Check if it is an open object */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) { /* The object is accessible */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Cannot remove the origin directory */
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO) {
                    res = FR_DENIED; /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                obj.fs = fs;
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &obj);
                    dclst = obj.sclust;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                }
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) { /* Is it a sub-directory? */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
                    if (dclst == fs->cdir) { /* Is it the current directory? */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        sdj.obj.fs     = fs; /* Open the sub-directory */
                        sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                            sdj.obj.stat    = obj.stat;
                        }
#endif
                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = DIR_READ_FILE(&sdj); /* Test if the directory is empty */
                            if (res == FR_OK)
                                res = FR_DENIED; /* Not empty? */
                            if (res == FR_NO_FILE)
                                res = FR_OK; /* Empty? */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&dj);            /* Remove the directory entry */
                if (res == FR_OK && dclst != 0) { /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                    res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                }
                if (res == FR_OK)
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mkdir(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FFOBJID sobj;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   dcl, pcl, tm;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK)
            res = FR_EXIST;                                                 /* Name collision? */
        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) { /* Invalid name? */
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {              /* It is clear to create a new directory */
            sobj.fs = fs;                     /* New object id to create a new chain */
            dcl     = create_chain(&sobj, 0); /* Allocate a cluster for the new directory */
            res     = FR_OK;
            if (dcl == 0)
                res = FR_DENIED; /* No space to allocate a new cluster? */
            if (dcl == 1)
                res = FR_INT_ERR; /* Any insanity? */
            if (dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                res = FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error? */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_clear(fs, dcl); /* Clean up the new table */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) { /* Create dot entries (FAT only) */
                        mem_set(fs->win + DIR_Name, ' ', 11);      /* Create "." entry */
                        fs->win[DIR_Name] = '.';
                        fs->win[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                        st_dword(fs->win + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win, dcl);
                        mem_cpy(fs->win + SZDIRE, fs->win, SZDIRE); /* Create ".." entry */
                        fs->win[SZDIRE + 1] = '.';
                        pcl                 = dj.obj.sclust;
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win + SZDIRE, pcl);
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                    }
                    res = dir_register(&dj); /* Register the object to the parent directoy */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {                                       /* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);                         /* Created time */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);                        /* Table start cluster */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs)); /* Directory size needs to be valid */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;      /* Initialize the object flag */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr]     = AM_DIR; /* Attribute */
                    res                       = store_xdir(&dj);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm); /* Created time */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, dcl);          /* Table start cluster */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;          /* Attribute */
                    fs->wflag        = 1;
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            } else {
                remove_chain(&sobj, dcl, 0); /* Could not register, remove the allocated cluster */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_rename(
    const TCHAR *path_old, /* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
    const TCHAR *path_new  /* Pointer to the new name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     djo, djn;
    FATFS * fs;
    BYTE    buf[FF_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : SZDIRE], *dir;
    LBA_t   sect;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    get_ldnumber(&path_new);                      /* Snip the drive number of new name off */
    res = mount_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive of the old object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        djo.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&djo, path_old); /* Check old object */
        if (res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)))
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check validity of name */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = chk_lock(&djo, 2);
        }
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) { /* Object to be renamed is found */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* At exFAT volume */
                BYTE nf, nn;
                WORD nh;

                mem_cpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2); /* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new); /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {      /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn); /* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec];
                        nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                        nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                        mem_cpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2); /* Restore 85+C0 entry */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec]  = nf;
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                        st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);
                        if (!(fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_DIR))
                            fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                                                             /* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                        res = store_xdir(&djn);
                    }
                }
            } else
#endif
            {                                      /* At FAT/FAT32 volume */
                mem_cpy(buf, djo.dir, SZDIRE);     /* Save directory entry of the object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof(DIR));  /* Duplicate the directory object */
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new); /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {      /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn); /* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dir = djn.dir; /* Copy directory entry of the object except name */
                        mem_cpy(dir + 13, buf + 13, SZDIRE - 13);
                        dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[DIR_Attr];
                        if (!(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR))
                            dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if ((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust) { /* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                            sect = clst2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));
                            if (sect == 0) {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                            } else {
                                /* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                res = move_window(fs, sect);
                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1; /* Ptr to .. entry */
                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
                                    st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                    fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&djo); /* Remove old entry */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
            /* End of the critical section */
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */

#if FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chmod(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file path */
    BYTE         attr, /* Attribute bits */
    BYTE         mask  /* Attribute mask to change */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FATFS * fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)))
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check object validity */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mask &= AM_RDO | AM_HID | AM_SYS | AM_ARC; /* Valid attribute mask */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask); /* Apply attribute change */
                res                   = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask); /* Apply attribute change */
                fs->wflag        = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_utime(
    const TCHAR *  path, /* Pointer to the file/directory name */
    const FILINFO *fno   /* Pointer to the timestamp to be set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FATFS * fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)))
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check object validity */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getlabel(
    const TCHAR *path,  /* Logical drive number */
    TCHAR *      label, /* Buffer to store the volume label */
    DWORD *      vsn    /* Variable to store the volume serial number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR     dj;
    FATFS * fs;
    UINT    si, di;
    WCHAR   wc;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    /* Get volume label */
    if (res == FR_OK && label) {
        dj.obj.fs     = fs;
        dj.obj.sclust = 0; /* Open root directory */
        res           = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj); /* Find a volume label entry */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    WCHAR hs;

                    for (si = di = hs = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++) { /* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                        wc = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);
                        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) { /* Is the code a surrogate? */
                            hs = wc;
                            continue;
                        }
                        wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &label[di], 4);
                        if (wc == 0) {
                            di = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                        di += wc;
                        hs = 0;
                    }
                    if (hs != 0)
                        di = 0; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                    label[di] = 0;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    si = di = 0; /* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry */
                    while (si < 11) {
                        wc = dj.dir[si++];
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode output */
                        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si < 11)
                            wc = wc << 8 | dj.dir[si++]; /* Is it a DBC? */
                        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);   /* Convert it into Unicode */
                        if (wc != 0)
                            wc = put_utf(wc, &label[di], 4); /* Put it in Unicode */
                        if (wc == 0) {
                            di = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                        di += wc;
#else /* ANSI/OEM output */
                        label[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;
#endif
                    }
                    do { /* Truncate trailing spaces */
                        label[di] = 0;
                        if (di == 0)
                            break;
                    } while (label[--di] == ' ');
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) { /* No label entry and return nul string */
            label[0] = 0;
            res      = FR_OK;
        }
    }

    /* Get volume serial number */
    if (res == FR_OK && vsn) {
        res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            switch (fs->fs_type) {
            case FS_EXFAT:
                di = BPB_VolIDEx;
                break;

            case FS_FAT32:
                di = BS_VolID32;
                break;

            default:
                di = BS_VolID;
            }
            *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setlabel(
    const TCHAR *label /* Volume label to set with heading logical drive number */
)
{
    FRESULT           res;
    DIR               dj;
    FATFS *           fs;
    BYTE              dirvn[22];
    UINT              di;
    WCHAR             wc;
    static const char badchr[] = "+.,;=[]/\\\"*:<>\?|\x7F"; /* [0..] for FAT, [7..] for exFAT */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    DWORD dc;
#endif

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) { /* On the exFAT volume */
        mem_set(dirvn, 0, 22);
        di = 0;
        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') { /* Create volume label */
            dc = tchar2uni(&label);   /* Get a Unicode character */
            if (dc >= 0x10000) {
                if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF || di >= 10) { /* Wrong surrogate or buffer overflow */
                    dc = 0;
                } else {
                    st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)(dc >> 16));
                    di++;
                }
            }
            if (dc == 0 || chk_chr(badchr + 7, (int)dc) || di >= 11) { /* Check validity of the volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)dc);
            di++;
        }
    } else
#endif
    { /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        mem_set(dirvn, ' ', 11);
        di = 0;
        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') { /* Create volume label */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dc = tchar2uni(&label);
            wc = (dc < 0x10000) ? ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(dc), CODEPAGE) : 0;
#else /* ANSI/OEM input */
            wc = (BYTE)*label++;
            if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc))
                wc = dbc_2nd((BYTE)*label) ? wc << 8 | (BYTE)*label++ : 0;
            if (IsLower(wc))
                wc -= 0x20; /* To upper ASCII characters */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
            if (ExCvt && wc >= 0x80)
                wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
            if (wc >= 0x80)
                wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#endif
#endif
            if (wc == 0 || chk_chr(badchr + 0, (int)wc) || di >= (UINT)((wc >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11)) { /* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            if (wc >= 0x100)
                dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
            dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)wc;
        }
        if (dirvn[0] == DDEM)
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME); /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
        while (di && dirvn[di - 1] == ' ')
            di--; /* Snip trailing spaces */
    }

    /* Set volume label */
    dj.obj.fs     = fs;
    dj.obj.sclust = 0; /* Open root directory */
    res           = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj); /* Get volume label entry */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di; /* Change the volume label */
                mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
            } else {
                if (di != 0) {
                    mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11); /* Change the volume label */
                } else {
                    dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM; /* Remove the volume label */
                }
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res       = sync_fs(fs);
        } else { /* No volume label entry or an error */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK;
                if (di != 0) {               /* Create a volume label entry */
                    res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1); /* Allocate an entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        mem_set(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE); /* Clean the entry */
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            dj.dir[XDIR_Type]     = ET_VLABEL; /* Create volume label entry */
                            dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
                        } else {
                            dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL; /* Create volume label entry */
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res       = sync_fs(fs);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LABEL */

#if FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_expand(
    FIL *   fp,  /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t fsz, /* File size to be expanded to */
    BYTE    opt  /* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check if in size limit */
#endif
    n     = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);                    /* Cluster size */
    tcl   = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0); /* Number of clusters required */
    stcl  = fs->last_clst;
    lclst = 0;
    if (stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent)
        stcl = 2;

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl); /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
        if (scl == 0)
            res = FR_DENIED; /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
        if (scl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        if (res == FR_OK) {                             /* A contiguous free area is found */
            if (opt) {                                  /* Allocate it now */
                res   = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1); /* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
            } else { /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        scl = clst = stcl;
        ncl        = 0;
        for (;;) { /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
            n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
            if (++clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                clst = 2;
            if (n == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                break;
            }
            if (n == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                break;
            }
            if (n == 0) { /* Is it a free cluster? */
                if (++ncl == tcl)
                    break; /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
            } else {
                scl = clst;
                ncl = 0; /* Not a free cluster */
            }
            if (clst == stcl) {
                res = FR_DENIED;
                break;
            } /* No contiguous cluster? */
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {                                 /* A contiguous free area is found */
            if (opt) {                                      /* Allocate it now */
                for (clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--) { /* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                    res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);
                    if (res != FR_OK)
                        break;
                    lclst = clst;
                }
            } else { /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        fs->last_clst = lclst;     /* Set suggested start cluster to start next */
        if (opt) {                 /* Is it allocated now? */
            fp->obj.sclust  = scl; /* Update object allocation information */
            fp->obj.objsize = fsz;
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT)
                fp->obj.stat = 2; /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
            if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) { /* Update FSINFO */
                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward Data to the Stream Directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_forward(
    FIL *fp,                          /* Pointer to the file object */
    UINT (*func)(const BYTE *, UINT), /* Pointer to the streaming function */
    UINT  btf,                        /* Number of bytes to forward */
    UINT *bf                          /* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS * fs;
    DWORD   clst;
    LBA_t   sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT    rcnt, csect;
    BYTE *  dbuf;

    *bf = 0;                       /* Clear transfer byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btf > remain)
        btf = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */

    for (; btf && (*func)(0, 0); /* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
         fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt) {
        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {                        /* On the sector boundary? */
            if (csect == 0) {                                /* On the cluster boundary? */
                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?                     /* On the top of the file? */
                           fp->obj.sclust
                                       : get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                if (clst <= 1)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }
        }
        sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current data sector */
        if (sect == 0)
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        sect += csect;
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window to the file data */
        dbuf = fs->win;
#else
        if (fp->sect != sect) {        /* Fill sector cache with file data */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
        }
        dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
        fp->sect = sect;
        rcnt     = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btf)
            rcnt = btf;                                         /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt); /* Forward the file data */
        if (rcnt == 0)
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_FORWARD */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create an FAT/exFAT volume                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define N_SEC_TRACK 63       /* Sectors per track for determination of drive CHS */
#define GPT_ALIGN   0x100000 /* Alignment of partitions in GPT [byte] (>=128KB) */
#define GPT_ITEMS   128      /* Number of GPT table size (>=128, sector aligned) */

/* Create partitions on the physical drive */

static FRESULT create_partition(
    BYTE        drv,    /* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t plst[], /* Partition list */
    UINT        sys,    /* System ID (for only MBR, temp setting) and bit8:GPT */
    BYTE *      buf     /* Working buffer for a sector */
)
{
    UINT  i, cy;
    LBA_t sz_drv;
    DWORD sz_drv32, s_lba32, n_lba32;
    BYTE *pte, hd, n_hd, sc, n_sc;

    /* Get drive size */
    if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_drv) != RES_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;

#if FF_LBA64
    if (sz_drv >= FF_MIN_GPT) { /* Create partitions in GPT */
        WORD              ss;
        UINT              sz_pt, pi, si, ofs;
        DWORD             bcc, rnd, align;
        QWORD             s_lba64, n_lba64, sz_pool, s_bpt;
        static const BYTE gpt_mbr[16] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0xEE, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};

#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
        if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Get sector size */
        if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1)))
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
        ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
        rnd     = GET_FATTIME();            /* Random seed */
        align   = GPT_ALIGN / ss;           /* Partition alignment [sector] */
        sz_pt   = GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss; /* Size of PT [sector] */
        s_bpt   = sz_drv - sz_pt - 1;       /* Backup PT start sector */
        s_lba64 = 2 + sz_pt;                /* First allocatable sector */
        sz_pool = s_bpt - s_lba64;          /* Size of allocatable area */
        bcc     = 0xFFFFFFFF;
        n_lba64 = 1;
        pi = si = 0; /* partition table index, size table index */
        do {
            if (pi * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0)
                mem_set(buf, 0, ss);                                  /* Clean the buffer if needed */
            if (n_lba64 != 0) {                                       /* Is the size table not termintated? */
                s_lba64 = (s_lba64 + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align); /* Align partition start */
                n_lba64 = plst[si++];                                 /* Get a partition size */
                if (n_lba64 <= 100) {                                 /* Is the size in percentage? */
                    n_lba64 = sz_pool * n_lba64 / 100;
                    n_lba64 = (n_lba64 + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align); /* Align partition end (only if in percentage) */
                }
                if (s_lba64 + n_lba64 > s_bpt) { /* Clip at end of the pool */
                    n_lba64 = (s_lba64 < s_bpt) ? s_bpt - s_lba64 : 0;
                }
            }
            if (n_lba64 != 0) { /* Add a partition? */
                ofs = pi * SZ_GPTE % ss;
                mem_cpy(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16);      /* Partition GUID (Microsoft Basic Data) */
                rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + ofs + GPTE_UpGuid, 16);        /* Unique partition GUID */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba, s_lba64);               /* Partition start LBA */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba, s_lba64 + n_lba64 - 1); /* Partition end LBA */
                s_lba64 += n_lba64;                                       /* Next partition LBA */
            }
            if ((pi + 1) * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) { /* Write the buffer if it is filled up */
                for (i = 0; i < ss; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++]))
                    ; /* Calculate table check sum */
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 2 + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Primary table */
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, s_bpt + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Secondary table */
            }
        } while (++pi < GPT_ITEMS);

        /* Create primary GPT header */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART"
                                 "\0\0\1\0"
                                 "\x5C\0\0",
                16);                                  /* Signature, version (1.0) and size (92) */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtBcc, ~bcc);             /* Table check sum */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, 1);               /* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, sz_drv - 1);      /* LBA of another header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_FstLba, 2 + sz_pt);       /* LBA of first allocatable sector */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_LstLba, s_bpt - 1);       /* LBA of last allocatable sector */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PteSize, SZ_GPTE);        /* Size of a table entry */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum, GPT_ITEMS);        /* Number of table entries */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, 2);                /* LBA of this table */
        rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + GPTH_DskGuid, 16); /* Disk GUID */
        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++]))
            ;                           /* Calculate header check sum */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc); /* Header check sum */
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;

        /* Create secondary GPT header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, sz_drv - 1); /* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, 1);          /* LBA of another header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, s_bpt);       /* LBA of this table */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, 0);
        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++]))
            ;                           /* Calculate header check sum */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc); /* Header check sum */
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, sz_drv - 1, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;

        /* Create protective MBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + MBR_Table, gpt_mbr, 16); /* Create a GPT partition */
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;

    } else
#endif
    { /* Create partitions in MBR */
        sz_drv32 = (DWORD)sz_drv;
        n_sc     = N_SEC_TRACK; /* Determine drive CHS without any consideration of the drive geometry */
        for (n_hd = 8; n_hd != 0 && sz_drv32 / n_hd / n_sc > 1024; n_hd *= 2)
            ;
        if (n_hd == 0)
            n_hd = 255; /* Number of heads needs to be <256 */

        mem_set(buf, 0, FF_MAX_SS); /* Clear MBR */
        pte = buf + MBR_Table;      /* Partition table in the MBR */
        for (i = 0, s_lba32 = n_sc; i < 4 && s_lba32 != 0 && s_lba32 < sz_drv32; i++, s_lba32 += n_lba32) {
            n_lba32 = (DWORD)plst[i]; /* Get partition size */
            if (n_lba32 <= 100)
                n_lba32 = (n_lba32 == 100) ? sz_drv32 : sz_drv32 / 100 * n_lba32; /* Size in percentage? */
            if (s_lba32 + n_lba32 > sz_drv32 || s_lba32 + n_lba32 < s_lba32)
                n_lba32 = sz_drv32 - s_lba32; /* Clip at drive size */
            if (n_lba32 == 0)
                break; /* End of table or no sector to allocate? */

            st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, s_lba32);  /* Start LBA */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, n_lba32); /* Number of sectors */
            pte[PTE_System] = (BYTE)sys;         /* System type */

            cy              = (UINT)(s_lba32 / n_sc / n_hd); /* Start cylinder */
            hd              = (BYTE)(s_lba32 / n_sc % n_hd); /* Start head */
            sc              = (BYTE)(s_lba32 % n_sc + 1);    /* Start sector */
            pte[PTE_StHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_StSec]  = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_StCyl]  = (BYTE)cy;

            cy              = (UINT)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) / n_sc / n_hd); /* End cylinder */
            hd              = (BYTE)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) / n_sc % n_hd); /* End head */
            sc              = (BYTE)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) % n_sc + 1);    /* End sector */
            pte[PTE_EdHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_EdSec]  = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_EdCyl]  = (BYTE)cy;

            pte += SZ_PTE; /* Next entry */
        }

        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55); /* MBR signature */
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write it to the MBR */
    }

    return FR_OK;
}

FRESULT f_mkfs(
    const TCHAR *    path, /* Logical drive number */
    const MKFS_PARM *opt,  /* Format options */
    void *           work, /* Pointer to working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
    UINT             len   /* Size of working buffer [byte] */
)
{
    static const WORD      cst[]   = {1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0}; /* Cluster size boundary for FAT volume (4Ks unit) */
    static const WORD      cst32[] = {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0};     /* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
    static const MKFS_PARM defopt  = {FM_ANY, 0, 0, 0, 0};        /* Default parameter */
    BYTE                   fsopt, fsty, sys, *buf, *pte, pdrv, ipart;
    WORD                   ss; /* Sector size */
    DWORD                  sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, nsect, n;
    //LBA_t sz_vol, b_vol, b_fat, b_data;        /* Size of volume, Base LBA of volume, fat, data */
    QWORD   sz_vol, b_vol, b_fat, b_data; /* Size of volume, Base LBA of volume, fat, data */
    LBA_t   sect, lba[2];
    DWORD   sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir, sz_au; /* Size of reserved, fat, dir, data, cluster */
    UINT    n_fat, n_root, i;              /* Index, Number of FATs and Number of roor dir entries */
    int     vol;
    DSTATUS ds;
    FRESULT fr;

    /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path); /* Get target logical drive */
    if (vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    if (FatFs[vol])
        FatFs[vol]->fs_type = 0; /* Clear the fs object if mounted */
    pdrv  = LD2PD(vol);          /* Physical drive */
    ipart = LD2PT(vol);          /* Partition (0:create as new, 1..:get from partition table) */
    if (!opt)
        opt = &defopt; /* Use default parameter if it is not given */

    /* Get physical drive status (sz_drv, sz_blk, ss) */
    ds = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (ds & STA_NOINIT)
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    if (ds & STA_PROTECT)
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    sz_blk = opt->align;
    if (sz_blk == 0 && disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk) != RES_OK)
        sz_blk = 1;
    if (sz_blk == 0 || sz_blk > 0x8000 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1)))
        sz_blk = 1;
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1)))
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
    ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
    /* Options for FAT sub-type and FAT parameters */
    fsopt  = opt->fmt & (FM_ANY | FM_SFD);
    n_fat  = (opt->n_fat >= 1 && opt->n_fat <= 2) ? opt->n_fat : 1;
    n_root = (opt->n_root >= 1 && opt->n_root <= 32768 && (opt->n_root % (ss / SZDIRE)) == 0) ? opt->n_root : 512;
    sz_au  = (opt->au_size <= 0x1000000 && (opt->au_size & (opt->au_size - 1)) == 0) ? opt->au_size : 0;
    sz_au /= ss; /* Byte --> Sector */

    /* Get working buffer */
    sz_buf = len / ss; /* Size of working buffer [sector] */
    if (sz_buf == 0)
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    buf = (BYTE *)work; /* Working buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
    if (!buf)
        buf = ff_memalloc(sz_buf * ss); /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
#endif
    if (!buf)
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;

    /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
    b_vol = sz_vol = 0;
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) { /* Is the volume associated with any specific partition? */
        /* Get partition location from the existing partition table */
        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load MBR */
        if (ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if MBR is valid */
#if FF_LBA64
        if (buf[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) { /* GPT protective MBR? */
            DWORD n_ent, ofs;
            QWORD pt_lba;

            /* Get the partition location from GPT */
            if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
            if (!test_gpt_header(buf))
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);     /* Check if GPT header is valid */
            n_ent  = ld_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum); /* Number of entries */
            pt_lba = ld_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs); /* Table start sector */
            ofs = i = 0;
            while (n_ent) { /* Find MS Basic partition with order of ipart */
                if (ofs == 0 && disk_read(pdrv, buf, pt_lba++, 1) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);                                                /* Get PT sector */
                if (!mem_cmp(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16) && ++i == ipart) { /* MS basic data partition? */
                    b_vol  = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba);
                    sz_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba) - b_vol + 1;
                    break;
                }
                n_ent--;
                ofs = (ofs + SZ_GPTE) % ss; /* Next entry */
            }
            if (n_ent == 0)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Partition not found */
            fsopt |= 0x80;                   /* Partitioning is in GPT */
        } else
#endif
        { /* Get the partition location from MBR partition table */
            pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE);
            if (ipart > 4 || pte[PTE_System] == 0)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);     /* No partition? */
            b_vol  = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);  /* Get volume start sector */
            sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba); /* Get volume size */
        }
    } else { /* The volume is associated with a physical drive */
        if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
        sz_vol /= ss;
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) { /* To be partitioned? */
                                 /* Create a single-partition on the drive in this function */
#if FF_LBA64
            if (sz_vol >= FF_MIN_GPT) { /* Which partition type to create, MBR or GPT? */
                fsopt |= 0x80;          /* Partitioning is in GPT */
                b_vol = GPT_ALIGN / ss;
                sz_vol -= b_vol + GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss + 1; /* Estimated partition offset and size */
            } else
#endif
            { /* Partitioning is in MBR */
                if (sz_vol > N_SEC_TRACK) {
                    b_vol = N_SEC_TRACK;
                    sz_vol -= b_vol; /* Estimated partition offset and size */
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (sz_vol < 128)
        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if volume size is >=128s */

    /* Now start to create a FAT volume at b_vol and sz_vol */

    do {                                                                              /* Pre-determine the FAT type */
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && (fsopt & FM_EXFAT)) {                                      /* exFAT possible? */
            if ((fsopt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || sz_au > 128) { /* exFAT only, vol >= 64MS or sz_au > 128S ? */
                fsty = FS_EXFAT;
                break;
            }
        }
#if FF_LBA64
        if (sz_vol >= 0x100000000)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too large volume for FAT/FAT32 */
#endif
        if (sz_au > 128)
            sz_au = 128;             /* Invalid AU for FAT/FAT32? */
        if (fsopt & FM_FAT32) {      /* FAT32 possible? */
            if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) { /* no-FAT? */
                fsty = FS_FAT32;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT))
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_INVALID_PARAMETER); /* no-FAT? */
        fsty = FS_FAT16;
    } while (0);

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fsty == FS_EXFAT) { /* Create an exFAT volume */
        DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nb, cl, tbl[3];
        WCHAR ch, si;
        UINT  j, st;
        BYTE  b;

        if (sz_vol < 0x1000)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too small volume for exFAT? */
#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol;
        lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1; /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
        if (sz_au == 0) { /* AU auto-selection */
            sz_au = 8;
            if (sz_vol >= 0x80000)
                sz_au = 64; /* >= 512Ks */
            if (sz_vol >= 0x4000000)
                sz_au = 256; /* >= 64Ms */
        }
        b_fat  = b_vol + 32;                                           /* FAT start at offset 32 */
        sz_fat = (DWORD)((sz_vol / sz_au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;      /* Number of FAT sectors */
        b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~((LBA_t)sz_blk - 1); /* Align data area to the erase block boundary */
        if (b_data - b_vol >= sz_vol / 2)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);                     /* Too small volume? */
        n_clst = (DWORD)(sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / sz_au; /* Number of clusters */
        if (n_clst < 16)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too few clusters? */
        if (n_clst > MAX_EXFAT)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too many clusters? */

        szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;                          /* Size of allocation bitmap */
        tbl[0]  = (szb_bit + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss); /* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */

        /* Create a compressed up-case table */
        sect     = b_data + sz_au * tbl[0]; /* Table start sector */
        sum      = 0;                       /* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
        st       = 0;
        si       = 0;
        i        = 0;
        j        = 0;
        szb_case = 0;
        do {
            switch (st) {
            case 0:
                ch = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(si); /* Get an up-case char */
                if (ch != si) {
                    si++;
                    break; /* Store the up-case char if exist */
                }
                for (j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++)
                    ; /* Get run length of no-case block */
                if (j >= 128) {
                    ch = 0xFFFF;
                    st = 2;
                    break; /* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 */
                }
                st = 1; /* Do not compress short run */
                        /* go to next case */
            case 1:
                ch = si++; /* Fill the short run */
                if (--j == 0)
                    st = 0;
                break;

            default:
                ch = (WCHAR)j;
                si += (WCHAR)j; /* Number of chars to skip */
                st = 0;
            }
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum); /* Put it into the write buffer */
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
            i += 2;
            szb_case += 2;
            if (si == 0 || i == sz_buf * ss) { /* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                sect += n;
                i = 0;
            }
        } while (si);
        tbl[1] = (szb_case + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss); /* Number of up-case table clusters */
        tbl[2] = 1;                                          /* Number of root dir clusters */

        /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
        sect  = b_data;
        nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss;  /* Start of bitmap and number of sectors */
        nb    = tbl[0] + tbl[1] + tbl[2]; /* Number of clusters in-use by system */
        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
            for (i = 0; nb >= 8 && i < sz_buf * ss; buf[i++] = 0xFF, nb -= 8)
                ;
            for (b = 1; nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss; buf[i] |= b, b <<= 1, nb--)
                ;
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect; /* Write the buffered data */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the FAT */
        sect  = b_fat;
        nsect = sz_fat; /* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
        j = nb = cl = 0;
        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
            i = 0;         /* Clear work area and reset write index */
            if (cl == 0) { /* Set FAT [0] and FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8);
                i += 4;
                cl++;
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF);
                i += 4;
                cl++;
            }
            do {                                     /* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
                while (nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss) { /* Create a chain */
                    st_dword(buf + i, (nb > 1) ? cl + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                    i += 4;
                    cl++;
                    nb--;
                }
                if (nb == 0 && j < 3)
                    nb = tbl[j++]; /* Next chain */
            } while (nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss);
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect; /* Write the buffered data */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the root directory */
        mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = ET_VLABEL;             /* Volume label entry (no label) */
        buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = ET_BITMAP;             /* Bitmap entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);          /*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);    /*  size */
        buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = ET_UPCASE;             /* Up-case table entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);         /*  sum */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + tbl[0]); /*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);   /*  size */
        sect  = b_data + sz_au * (tbl[0] + tbl[1]);
        nsect = sz_au; /* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */
        do {           /* Fill root directory sectors */
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
        sect = b_vol;
        for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
            /* Main record (+0) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90"
                                      "EXFAT   ",
                    11);                                            /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);                    /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);                   /* Volume size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_fat - b_vol));   /* FAT offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);                    /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_data - b_vol)); /* Data offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);                  /* Number of clusters */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + tbl[0] + tbl[1]);    /* Root dir cluster # */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, GET_FATTIME());             /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);                      /* Filesystem version (1.00) */
            for (buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++)
                ; /* Log2 of sector size [byte] */
            for (buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = sz_au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++)
                ;                                 /* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */
            buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;               /* Number of FATs */
            buf[BPB_DrvNumEx]  = 0x80;            /* Drive number (for int13) */
            st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB); /* Boot code (x86) */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);       /* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */
            for (i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++) {      /* VBR checksum */
                if (i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx)
                    sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
            }
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55); /* Signature (placed at end of sector) */
            for (j = 1; j < 9; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum))
                    ; /* VBR checksum */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            for (; j < 11; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum))
                    ; /* VBR checksum */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            /* Sum record (+11) */
            for (i = 0; i < ss; i += 4)
                st_dword(buf + i, sum); /* Fill with checksum value */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
        }

    } else
#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {  /* Create an FAT/FAT32 volume */
        do {
            pau = sz_au;
            /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {              /* FAT32 volume */
                if (pau == 0) {                  /* AU auto-selection */
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x20000; /* Volume size in unit of 128KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1)
                        ; /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;            /* Number of clusters */
                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss; /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 32;                             /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = 0;                              /* No static directory */
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32)
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
            } else {                            /* FAT volume */
                if (pau == 0) {                 /* au auto-selection */
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x1000; /* Volume size in unit of 4KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1)
                        ; /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                    n = n_clst * 2 + 4; /* FAT size [byte] */
                } else {
                    fsty = FS_FAT12;
                    n    = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3; /* FAT size [byte] */
                }
                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;           /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 1;                           /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_root * SZDIRE / ss; /* Root dir size [sector] */
            }
            b_fat  = b_vol + sz_rsv;                  /* FAT base */
            b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fat + sz_dir; /* Data base */

            /* Align data area to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
            n = (DWORD)(((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data); /* Sectors to next nearest from current data base */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {                                        /* FAT32: Move FAT */
                sz_rsv += n;
                b_fat += n;
            } else {             /* FAT: Expand FAT */
                if (n % n_fat) { /* Adjust fractional error if needed */
                    n--;
                    sz_rsv++;
                    b_fat++;
                }
                sz_fat += n / n_fat;
            }

            /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
            if (sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too small volume? */
            n_clst = ((DWORD)sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fat - sz_dir) / pau;
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16) { /* Too few clusters for FAT32? */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau / 2) != 0)
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }
            if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT16) { /* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (pau * 2) <= 64) {
                        sz_au = pau * 2;
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    if ((fsopt & FM_FAT32)) {
                        fsty = FS_FAT32;
                        continue; /* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                    }
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128)
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT12) { /* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128)
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }
            if (fsty == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */

            /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
            break;
        } while (1);

#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol;
        lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1; /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Create FAT VBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90"
                                  "MSDOS5.0",
                11);                                                            /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
        st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);                                      /* Sector size [byte] */
        buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;                                        /* Cluster size [sector] */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);                            /* Size of reserved area */
        buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fat;                                         /* Number of FATs */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fsty == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_root)); /* Number of root directory entries */
        if (sz_vol < 0x10000) {
            st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol); /* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, (DWORD)sz_vol); /* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
        }
        buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;                     /* Media descriptor byte */
        st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);          /* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
        st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);          /* Number of heads (for int13) */
        st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, (DWORD)b_vol); /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, GET_FATTIME()); /* VSN */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);       /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);         /* Root directory cluster # (2) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);            /* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);         /* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            buf[BS_DrvNum32]  = 0x80;                  /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                  /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    "
                                       "FAT32   ",
                    19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, GET_FATTIME());  /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat); /* FAT size [sector] */
            buf[BS_DrvNum]  = 0x80;                   /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                   /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    "
                                     "FAT     ",
                    19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        }
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55); /* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK)
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write it to the VBR sector */

        /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1); /* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1); /* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);            /* Last allocated cluster# */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1); /* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1); /* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
        }

        /* Initialize FAT area */
        mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        sect = b_fat;                 /* FAT start sector */
        for (i = 0; i < n_fat; i++) { /* Initialize FATs each */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8); /* FAT[0] */
                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF); /* FAT[2] (root directory) */
            } else {
                st_dword(buf + 0, (fsty == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8); /* FAT[0] and FAT[1] */
            }
            nsect = sz_fat; /* Number of FAT sectors */
            do {            /* Fill FAT sectors */
                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                mem_set(buf, 0, ss); /* Rest of FAT all are cleared */
                sect += n;
                nsect -= n;
            } while (nsect);
        }

        /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
        nsect = (fsty == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir; /* Number of root directory sectors */
        do {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
    }

    /* A FAT volume has been created here */

    /* Determine system ID in the MBR partition table */
    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fsty == FS_EXFAT) {
        sys = 0x07; /* exFAT */
    } else {
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            sys = 0x0C; /* FAT32X */
        } else {
            if (sz_vol >= 0x10000) {
                sys = 0x06; /* FAT12/16 (large) */
            } else {
                sys = (fsty == FS_FAT16) ? 0x04 : 0x01; /* FAT16 : FAT12 */
            }
        }
    }

    /* Update partition information */
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) { /* Volume is in the existing partition */
        if (!FF_LBA64 || !(fsopt & 0x80)) {
            /* Update system ID in the partition table */
            if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);                              /* Read the MBR */
            buf[MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys; /* Set system ID */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write it back to the MBR */
        }
    } else {                     /* Volume as a new single partition */
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) { /* Create partition table if not in SFD */
            lba[0] = sz_vol, lba[1] = 0;
            fr = create_partition(pdrv, lba, sys, buf);
            if (fr != FR_OK)
                LEAVE_MKFS(fr);
        }
    }

    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK)
        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);

    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_OK);
}

#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create Partition Table on the Physical Drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_fdisk(
    BYTE        pdrv,   /* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t ptbl[], /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
    void *      work    /* Pointer to the working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
)
{
    BYTE *  buf = (BYTE *)work;
    DSTATUS stat;

    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT)
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    if (stat & STA_PROTECT)
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
    if (!buf)
        buf = ff_memalloc(FF_MAX_SS); /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
#endif
    if (!buf)
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;

    LEAVE_MKFS(create_partition(pdrv, ptbl, 0x07, buf));
}

#endif /* FF_MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS */

#if FF_USE_STRFUNC
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && (FF_STRF_ENCODE < 0 || FF_STRF_ENCODE > 3)
#error Wrong FF_STRF_ENCODE setting
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a String from the File                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

TCHAR *f_gets(
    TCHAR *buff, /* Pointer to the buffer to store read string */
    int    len,  /* Size of string buffer (items) */
    FIL *  fp    /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    int    nc = 0;
    TCHAR *p  = buff;
    BYTE   s[4];
    UINT   rc;
    DWORD  dc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE <= 2
    WCHAR wc;
#endif
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3
    UINT ct;
#endif

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE /* With code conversion (Unicode API) */
    /* Make a room for the character and terminator  */
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1)
        len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 1 : 2;
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2)
        len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 3 : 4;
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3)
        len -= 1;
    while (nc < len) {
#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0        /* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 1)
            break; /* EOF? */
        wc = s[0];
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {   /* DBC 1st byte? */
            f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get DBC 2nd byte */
            if (rc != 1 || !dbc_2nd(s[0]))
                continue; /* Wrong code? */
            wc = wc << 8 | s[0];
        }
        dc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* OEM --> */
        if (dc == 0)
            continue;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 || FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2 /* Read a character in UTF-16LE/BE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc); /* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 2)
            break; /* EOF? */
        dc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
        if (IsSurrogateL(dc))
            continue;              /* Broken surrogate pair? */
        if (IsSurrogateH(dc)) {    /* High surrogate? */
            f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc); /* Get low surrogate */
            if (rc != 2)
                break; /* EOF? */
            wc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
            if (!IsSurrogateL(wc))
                continue;                                    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            dc = ((dc & 0x3FF) + 0x40) << 10 | (wc & 0x3FF); /* Merge surrogate pair */
        }
#else                                            /* Read a character in UTF-8 */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 1)
            break; /* EOF? */
        dc = s[0];
        if (dc >= 0x80) { /* Multi-byte sequence? */
            ct = 0;
            if ((dc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
                dc &= 0x1F;
                ct = 1;
            } /* 2-byte sequence? */
            if ((dc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
                dc &= 0x0F;
                ct = 2;
            } /* 3-byte sequence? */
            if ((dc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
                dc &= 0x07;
                ct = 3;
            } /* 4-byte sequence? */
            if (ct == 0)
                continue;
            f_read(fp, s, ct, &rc); /* Get trailing bytes */
            if (rc != ct)
                break;
            rc = 0;
            do { /* Merge the byte sequence */
                if ((s[rc] & 0xC0) != 0x80)
                    break;
                dc = dc << 6 | (s[rc] & 0x3F);
            } while (++rc < ct);
            if (rc != ct || dc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(dc) || dc >= 0x110000)
                continue; /* Wrong encoding? */
        }
#endif
        /* A code point is avaialble in dc to be output */

        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r')
            continue;                               /* Strip \r off if needed */
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 || FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3      /* Output it in UTF-16/32 encoding */
        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 && dc >= 0x10000) { /* Out of BMP at UTF-16? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xD800 | ((dc >> 10) - 0x40));
            nc++;                       /* Make and output high surrogate */
            dc = 0xDC00 | (dc & 0x3FF); /* Make low surrogate */
        }
        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
        nc++;
        if (dc == '\n')
            break;        /* End of line? */
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* Output it in UTF-8 encoding */
        if (dc < 0x80) { /* Single byte? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
            nc++;
            if (dc == '\n')
                break; /* End of line? */
        } else {
            if (dc < 0x800) { /* 2-byte sequence? */
                *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (dc >> 6 & 0x1F));
                *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                nc += 2;
            } else {
                if (dc < 0x10000) { /* 3-byte sequence? */
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (dc >> 12 & 0x0F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                    nc += 3;
                } else { /* 4-byte sequence? */
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (dc >> 18 & 0x07));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 12 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                    nc += 4;
                }
            }
        }
#endif
    }

#else /* Byte-by-byte read without any conversion (ANSI/OEM API) */
    len -= 1; /* Make a room for the terminator */
    while (nc < len) {
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get a byte */
        if (rc != 1)
            break; /* EOF? */
        dc = s[0];
        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r')
            continue;
        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
        nc++;
        if (dc == '\n')
            break;
    }
#endif

    *p = 0;               /* Terminate the string */
    return nc ? buff : 0; /* When no data read due to EOF or error, return with error. */
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#include <stdarg.h>
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Character to the File (sub-functions)                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Putchar output buffer and work area */

typedef struct {
    FIL *fp;        /* Ptr to the writing file */
    int  idx, nchr; /* Write index of buf[] (-1:error), number of encoding units written */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1
    WCHAR hs;
#elif FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    BYTE bs[4];
    UINT wi, ct;
#endif
    BYTE buf[64]; /* Write buffer */
} putbuff;

/* Buffered write with code conversion */

static void putc_bfd(putbuff *pb, TCHAR c)
{
    UINT n;
    int  i, nc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
    WCHAR hs, wc;
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    DWORD  dc;
    TCHAR *tp;
#endif
#endif

    if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n') { /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
        putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
    }

    i = pb->idx; /* Write index of pb->buf[] */
    if (i < 0)
        return;
    nc = pb->nchr; /* Write unit counter */

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1    /* UTF-16 input */
    if (IsSurrogateH(c)) { /* High surrogate? */
        pb->hs = c;
        return; /* Save it for next */
    }
    hs     = pb->hs;
    pb->hs = 0;
    if (hs != 0) { /* There is a leading high surrogate */
        if (!IsSurrogateL(c))
            hs = 0; /* Discard high surrogate if not a surrogate pair */
    } else {
        if (IsSurrogateL(c))
            return; /* Discard stray low surrogate */
    }
    wc = c;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* UTF-8 input */
    for (;;) {
        if (pb->ct == 0) {                /* Out of multi-byte sequence? */
            pb->bs[pb->wi = 0] = (BYTE)c; /* Save 1st byte */
            if ((BYTE)c < 0x80)
                break; /* Single byte? */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xE0) == 0xC0)
                pb->ct = 1; /* 2-byte sequence? */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF0) == 0xE0)
                pb->ct = 2; /* 3-byte sequence? */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF1) == 0xF0)
                pb->ct = 3; /* 4-byte sequence? */
            return;
        } else {                            /* In the multi-byte sequence */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xC0) != 0x80) { /* Broken sequence? */
                pb->ct = 0;
                continue;
            }
            pb->bs[++pb->wi] = (BYTE)c; /* Save the trailing byte */
            if (--pb->ct == 0)
                break; /* End of multi-byte sequence? */
            return;
        }
    }
    tp = (TCHAR *)pb->bs;
    dc = tchar2uni(&tp); /* UTF-8 ==> UTF-16 */
    if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF)
        return; /* Wrong code? */
    wc = (WCHAR)dc;
    hs = (WCHAR)(dc >> 16);
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* UTF-32 input */
    if (IsSurrogate(c) || c >= 0x110000)
        return;                                    /* Discard invalid code */
    if (c >= 0x10000) {                            /* Out of BMP? */
        hs = (WCHAR)(0xD800 | ((c >> 10) - 0x40)); /* Make high surrogate */
        wc = 0xDC00 | (c & 0x3FF);                 /* Make low surrogate */
    } else {
        hs = 0;
        wc = (WCHAR)c;
    }
#endif
    /* A code point in UTF-16 is available in hs and wc */

#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 /* Write a code point in UTF-16LE */
    if (hs != 0) {      /* Surrogate pair? */
        st_word(&pb->buf[i], hs);
        i += 2;
        nc++;
    }
    st_word(&pb->buf[i], wc);
    i += 2;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2 /* Write a code point in UTF-16BE */
    if (hs != 0) { /* Surrogate pair? */
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)hs;
        nc++;
    }
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3 /* Write a code point in UTF-8 */
    if (hs != 0) { /* 4-byte sequence? */
        nc += 3;
        hs           = (hs & 0x3FF) + 0x40;
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xF0 | hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs >> 2 & 0x3F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs & 3) << 4 | (wc >> 6 & 0x0F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
    } else {
        if (wc < 0x80) { /* Single byte? */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
        } else {
            if (wc < 0x800) { /* 2-byte sequence? */
                nc += 1;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | wc >> 6);
            } else { /* 3-byte sequence */
                nc += 2;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | wc >> 12);
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc >> 6 & 0x3F));
            }
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
        }
    }
#else                     /* Write a code point in ANSI/OEM */
    if (hs != 0)
        return;
    wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE); /* UTF-16 ==> ANSI/OEM */
    if (wc == 0)
        return;
    if (wc >= 0x100) {
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
        nc++;
    }
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#endif

#else /* ANSI/OEM input (without re-encoding) */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif

    if (i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 4) { /* Write buffered characters to the file */
        f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &n);
        i = (n == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
    }
    pb->idx  = i;
    pb->nchr = nc + 1;
}

/* Flush remaining characters in the buffer */

static int putc_flush(putbuff *pb)
{
    UINT nw;

    if (pb->idx >= 0 /* Flush buffered characters to the file */
        && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK && (UINT)pb->idx == nw)
        return pb->nchr;
    return EOF;
}

/* Initialize write buffer */

static void putc_init(putbuff *pb, FIL *fp)
{
    mem_set(pb, 0, sizeof(putbuff));
    pb->fp = fp;
}

int f_putc(
    TCHAR c, /* A character to be output */
    FIL * fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    putc_bfd(&pb, c); /* Put the character */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a String to the File                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_puts(
    const TCHAR *str, /* Pointer to the string to be output */
    FIL *        fp   /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    while (*str)
        putc_bfd(&pb, *str++); /* Put the string */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Formatted String to the File                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_printf(
    FIL *        fp,  /* Pointer to the file object */
    const TCHAR *fmt, /* Pointer to the format string */
    ...               /* Optional arguments... */
)
{
    va_list arp;
    putbuff pb;
    BYTE    f, r;
    UINT    i, j, w;
    DWORD   v;
    TCHAR   c, d, str[32], *p;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);

    va_start(arp, fmt);

    for (;;) {
        c = *fmt++;
        if (c == 0)
            break;      /* End of string */
        if (c != '%') { /* Non escape character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c);
            continue;
        }
        w = f = 0;
        c     = *fmt++;
        if (c == '0') { /* Flag: '0' padding */
            f = 1;
            c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            if (c == '-') { /* Flag: left justified */
                f = 2;
                c = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        if (c == '*') { /* Minimum width by argument */
            w = va_arg(arp, int);
            c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            while (IsDigit(c)) { /* Minimum width */
                w = w * 10 + c - '0';
                c = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        if (c == 'l' || c == 'L') { /* Type prefix: Size is long int */
            f |= 4;
            c = *fmt++;
        }
        if (c == 0)
            break;
        d = c;
        if (IsLower(d))
            d -= 0x20;
        switch (d) { /* Atgument type is... */
        case 'S':    /* String */
            p = va_arg(arp, TCHAR *);
            for (j = 0; p[j]; j++)
                ;
            if (!(f & 2)) { /* Right padded */
                while (j++ < w)
                    putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
            }
            while (*p)
                putc_bfd(&pb, *p++); /* String body */
            while (j++ < w)
                putc_bfd(&pb, ' '); /* Left padded */
            continue;

        case 'C': /* Character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int));
            continue;

        case 'B': /* Unsigned binary */
            r = 2;
            break;

        case 'O': /* Unsigned octal */
            r = 8;
            break;

        case 'D': /* Signed decimal */
        case 'U': /* Unsigned decimal */
            r = 10;
            break;

        case 'X': /* Unsigned hexdecimal */
            r = 16;
            break;

        default: /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c);
            continue;
        }

        /* Get an argument and put it in numeral */
        v = (f & 4) ? (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int));
        if (d == 'D' && (v & 0x80000000)) {
            v = 0 - v;
            f |= 8;
        }
        i = 0;
        do {
            d = (TCHAR)(v % r);
            v /= r;
            if (d > 9)
                d += (c == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
            str[i++] = d + '0';
        } while (v && i < sizeof str / sizeof *str);
        if (f & 8)
            str[i++] = '-';
        j = i;
        d = (f & 1) ? '0' : ' ';
        if (!(f & 2)) {
            while (j++ < w)
                putc_bfd(&pb, d); /* Right pad */
        }
        do {
            putc_bfd(&pb, str[--i]); /* Number body */
        } while (i);
        while (j++ < w)
            putc_bfd(&pb, d); /* Left pad */
    }

    va_end(arp);

    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_STRFUNC */

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Active Codepage for the Path Name                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setcp(
    WORD cp /* Value to be set as active code page */
)
{
    static const WORD        validcp[] = {437, 720, 737, 771, 775, 850, 852, 857, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 869, 932, 936, 949, 950, 0};
    static const BYTE *const tables[]  = {Ct437, Ct720, Ct737, Ct771, Ct775, Ct850, Ct852, Ct857, Ct860, Ct861, Ct862, Ct863, Ct864, Ct865, Ct866, Ct869, Dc932, Dc936, Dc949, Dc950, 0};
    UINT                     i;

    for (i = 0; validcp[i] != 0 && validcp[i] != cp; i++)
        ; /* Find the code page */
    if (validcp[i] != cp)
        return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER; /* Not found? */

    CodePage = cp;
    if (cp >= 900) { /* DBCS */
        ExCvt  = 0;
        DbcTbl = tables[i];
    } else { /* SBCS */
        ExCvt  = tables[i];
        DbcTbl = 0;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}
#endif /* FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 */